Expression of products from nucleic acid concatemers
Provided are techniques for generating expression products using one or more nucleic acid concatemers that include tandem repeats of a nucleic acid sequence encoding the expression product or products. In one embodiment, different expression products may be co-expressed using a concatemer mixture of a first nucleic acid concatemer and a second nucleic acid concatemer having a predefined ratio to one another.
1 . A method comprising:
formulating a concatemer mixture comprising at least a first nucleic acid concatemer and a second nucleic acid concatemer having a predefined ratio to one another, wherein the first nucleic acid concatemer comprises tandem repeats of a first nucleic acid sequence and wherein the second nucleic acid concatemer comprises tandem repeats of a second nucleic acid sequence; and
co-expressing the concatemer mixture to generate a first expression product from the first nucleic acid sequence and a second expression product from the second nucleic acid sequence,
wherein the first nucleic acid concatemer, the second nucleic acid concatemer, or both are over 10 kb in length,
wherein the ratio of first expression product to the second expression product is proportional to the predefined ratio of the first nucleic acid concatemer to the second nucleic acid concatemer in the concatemer mixture, and
wherein the molar ratio of the first concatemer to the second concatemer is between 1:1 and 1:10.
2 . The method of claim 1 , comprising generating the first nucleic acid concatemer and the second nucleic acid concatemer using rolling circle amplification.
3 . The method of claim 2 , comprising using the rolling circle amplification to amplify circular or plasmid DNA to generate the first nucleic acid concatemer and/or the second nucleic acid concatemer.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the first tandem repeats and/or the second tandem repeats are tandem repeats of the circular or plasmid DNA.
5 . The method of claim 1 , comprising transfecting cultured cells with the concatemer mixture to cause the co-expressing or wherein the co-expressing is in a cell-free expression system.
6 . The method of claim 1 , comprising collecting the first expression product and the second expression product.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein one or both of the first nucleic acid concatemer or the second nucleic acid concatemer is unprocessed before the co-expressing.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first expression product is an envelope or packing protein of a virus and the second expression product comprises a transgene of the virus, wherein the first expression product and the second expression product form a viral vector for delivering the transgene.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first expression product is a nucleic acid product and the second expression product is a protein product.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the first expression product forms a complex with the second expression product.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first expression product acts on a third nucleic acid concatemer in the concatemer mixture.
12 . A method comprising:
formulating a mixture comprising at least a first nucleic acid concatemer, a second nucleic acid concatemer, and a third nucleic acid concatemer in a predefined ratio, wherein each of the nucleic acid concatemers comprises tandem repeats of two or more nucleic acid sequences; and
co-expressing the concatemer mixture to generate a first expression product, a second expression product, and a third expression product from each nucleic acid concatemer in the mixture,
wherein the first nucleic acid concatemer, the second nucleic acid concatemer, the third nucleic acid concatemer, or any combination thereof are over 10 kb in length,
wherein the molar ratio of the the first expression product, the second expression product, and the third expression product is proportional to the predefined molar ratio of the first nucleic acid concatemer, the second nucleic acid concatemer, and the third nucleic acid concatemer in the concatemer mixture, and
wherein the molar ratio of the first concatemer to the second concatemer to the third concatemer is C1:C2:C n , where C1, C2, and C n each is between 1 and 10.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the nucleic acid sequence of an individual concatemer in the concatemer mixture comprises a plurality of expression sequences that, when expressed to generate the two or more expression products, generate a plurality of proteins.
14 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the nucleic acid sequence of an individual concatemer in the concatemer mixture comprises a plurality of expression sequences that, when expressed to generate the two or more expression products, generate a mix comprising at least one protein expression product and at least one nucleic acid expression product.
15 . A method, comprising:
amplifying at least one template comprising a first nucleic acid sequence using strand-displacement rolling circle amplification to a generate a first concatemer comprising tandem repeats of the first nucleic acid sequence;
contacting the first concatemer with a second concatemer comprising tandem repeats of a second nucleic acid sequence to form a concatemer mixture having a predefined ratio of the first nucleic acid concatemer to the second nucleic acid concatemer; and
co-expressing the concatemer mixture to generate a first expression product from the first nucleic acid sequence and a second expression product from the second nucleic acid sequence, wherein a ratio of the first expression product to the second expression product is proportional to the predefined ratio of the first nucleic acid concatemer to the second nucleic acid concatemer in the concatemer mixture,
wherein the molar ratio of the first concatemer to the second concatemer is between 1:1 and 1:10, and
wherein the first concatemer, the second concatemer, or both are over 10 kb in length.
16 . The method of claim 15 , comprising allowing the first expression product to form a complex with the second expression product.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the first expression product and the second expression product comprise different viral products from a same virus.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the same virus is an adenovirus or a lentivirus.
19 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the first expression product comprises a viral mRNA and the second expression product comprises a plurality of viral packaging proteins.
20 . A method comprising:
formulating a mixture comprising at least one nucleic acid concatemer and at least one plasmid having a predefined ratio to one another, wherein the at least one nucleic acid concatemer comprises tandem repeats of a first nucleic acid sequence and wherein the at least one plasmid comprises a second nucleic acid sequence; and
co-expressing the mixture to generate a first expression product from the first nucleic acid sequence and a second expression product from the second nucleic acid sequence,
wherein the molar ratio of the first concatemer to the plasmid is between 1:1 and 1:10,
wherein the first nucleic acid concatemer is over 10 kb in length, and
wherein the co-expression of the first expression product and the second expression product is ratiometric based on the predefined ratio.
21 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the co-expression of the first expression product and the second expression product is ratiometric based on the predefined ratio.
22 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the co-expression of the first expression product, the second expression product, and the third expression product is ratiometric based on the predefined ratio.