Coupling device having a structured reflective surface of stamped malleable metal for coupling input/output of an optical fiber
A process of making a coupling device for physically and optically coupling an optical fiber to route optical signals to/from optical receiver/transmitter. The coupling device includes a structured reflective surface that functions as an optical element that directs light to/from the input/output ends of the optical fiber by reflection, and an optical fiber retention groove structure that positively receives the optical fiber in a manner with the end of the optical fiber at a defined distance to and aligned with the structured reflective surface. The open structure of the structured reflective surface and fiber retention structure lends itself to mass production processes such as precision stamping. The coupling device can be attached to an optical transmitter and/or receiver, with the structured reflective surface aligned to the light source in the transmitter or to the detector in the receiver, and adapted in an active optical cable.
1. A process of making a coupling device for physically and optically coupling an optical fiber for routing optical signals, comprising:
forming a base having a structured reflective surface and an optical fiber retention structure, such that an end face of the optical fiber is located at a predetermined distance from the structured reflective surface along the axis of the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber retention structure accurately aligns the optical fiber with respect to the structured reflective surface along an optical path, so that output light from the optical fiber can be reflected by the structured reflective surface to outside the coupling device or input light from outside the coupling device incident at the structure reflective surface can be reflected towards the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber retention structure comprises a groove provided on the base, wherein the groove is aligned with respect to the structured reflective surface, characterized in that the base is made of a malleable metal material, and the structured reflective surface and the optical fiber retention structure comprising the groove are formed by stamping the malleable metal material to integrally define the structured reflective surface and the optical fiber retention structure on the base.
2. The process of making a coupling device as in claim 1 , wherein the groove includes a shoulder that defines a stop to which a portion of the end face of the optical fiber can butt against to define the predetermined distance between the end face of the optical fiber and the structured reflective surface.
3. The process of making a coupling device as in claim 1 , wherein the structured reflective surface comprises a curved surface profile.
4. The process of making a coupling device as in claim 3 , wherein the curved surface profile of the structured reflective surface is concave.
5. The process of making a coupling device as in claim 1 , wherein stamping the malleable metal material integrally defines the structured reflective surface and the optical fiber retention structure on the base with a tolerance of at least 1000 nm.
6. The process of making a coupling device as in claim 1 , wherein the groove is an open groove.
7. The process of making a coupling device as in claim 1 , wherein the coupling device is structured to physically and optically couple the optical fiber to an optical receiver or an optical transmitter.
8. A process of making a transmitter module or a receiver module, comprising:
providing a coupling device made by the process as in claim 1 ; and
supporting a light source in the case of a transmitter module, or a light detector in the case of a receiver module, with respect to the structured reflective surface, wherein the light source produces the input light to be reflected by the structured reflective surface towards the optical fiber, or the light detector receives the output light from the optical fiber which is reflected by the structured reflective surface.
9. The process of making a transmitter module or a receiver module as in claim 8 , wherein the light source is part of an optical transmitter, and the light detector is part of an optical receiver.
10. The process of making a transmitter module or a receiver module as in claim 8 , wherein the structured reflective surface in the coupling device comprises a curved surface profile.
11. The process of making a transmitter module or a receiver module as in claim 10 , wherein the curved surface profile of the structured reflective surface is concave.
12. The process of making a transmitter module or a receiver module as in claim 8 , wherein stamping the malleable metal material integrally defines the structured reflective surface and the optical fiber retention structure on the base of the coupling device with a tolerance of at least 1000 nm.
13. The process of making a transmitter module or a receiver module as in claim 8 , wherein the groove is an open groove.
14. A process of making an active optical cable, comprising:
providing an optical fiber cable comprising an optical fiber for routing optical signals having a first end and a second end;
providing a transmitter module made by the process as in claim 8 , wherein the coupling device in the transmitter module physical and optically couples the first end of the optical fiber to the light source in the transmitter module; and
providing a receiver module made by the process as in claim 8 , wherein the coupling device in the receiver module physically and optically couples the second end of the optical fiber to the light detector in the receiver module.
15. The process of making an active cable as in claim 14 , wherein the structured reflective surface in the coupling device comprises a curved surface profile.
16. The process of making an active cable as in claim 15 , wherein the curved surface profile of the structured reflective surface is concave.
17. The process of making an active cable as in claim 14 , wherein stamping the malleable metal material integrally defines the structured reflective surface and the optical fiber retention structure on the base of the coupling device with a tolerance of at least 1000 nm.
18. The process of making an active cable as in claim 14 , wherein the groove is an open groove.