Method and system for an ultra-high voltage cobalt-free cathode for alkali ion batteries
Systems and methods for an ultra-high voltage cobalt-free cathode for alkali ion batteries may include an anode, a cathode, and a separator, with the cathode comprising an active material ANi (1-x) Mn x SbO y , where x is a number between 0.0 and 1.0, y is an integer, and A comprises one or more of lithium, sodium, and potassium. The anode may include one or more of an alkali metal, silicon, and carbon. In one example, x is a value in the range between 0.05 and 0.9 and y is a value in the range between 1 and 8 where a specific capacity of the active material is greater than 50 milliamp-hours per gram. In another example, x is a value in the range between 0.4 and 0.6 and y is a value in the range between 1 and 8, where a specific capacity of the active material is greater than 70 milliamp-hours per gram.
1. An active material for use in a battery, the active material comprising:
A 1.a-1.b Ni (1-x) Mn (x-(0.a-0.b)) SbO y , where x is a number greater than 0.0 and less than 1.0 (0.0<x<1.0), y is an integer, a and b are greater than 0, a is less than b, A comprises one or more of lithium, sodium, and potassium, and a total combined value of a number of A, a number of Ni, and a number of Mn is 2.0, and wherein the active material comprises an excess of a % to b % above a stoichiometric level of A.
2. The active material of claim 1 , wherein the active material is used in a battery comprising an anode, a separator, and an electrolyte.
3. The active material according to claim 2 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid, solid, or gel.
4. The active material according to claim 2 , wherein the anode comprises one or more of: an alkali metal, silicon, and carbon.
5. The active material according to claim 1 , wherein 0.05<x<0.9 and 1<y<8.
6. The active material according to claim 5 , wherein a discharge specific capacity of the active material on a conductive material to form an electrode is >50 milliamp-hours per gram.
7. The active material according to claim 1 , wherein 0.4<x<0.6 and 1<y<8.
8. The active material according to claim 7 , wherein a discharge specific capacity of the active material on a conductive material to form an electrode is >70 milliamp-hours per gram.
9. The active material according to claim 1 , wherein the active material is doped with a transition metal oxide or a non-transition metal oxide.
10. The active material according to claim 1 , wherein the active material comprises a 5 to 30% excess of lithium, such that the active material has a formulation of Li 1.05-1.3 Ni (1-x) Mn (x-(0.05-0.3)) SbO y .
11. The active material according to claim 1 , wherein x=0.2, y=2, and a discharge specific capacity of the active material on a conductive material to form an electrode is greater than 100 milliamp-hours per gram.
12. The active material of claim 1 , wherein the active material operates at a voltage of more than 4.5 volts vs Li/Li+.
13. A battery, the battery comprising:
an anode, a cathode, and a separator, wherein:
the cathode comprises an active material A 1.a-1.b Ni (1-x) Mn (x-(0.a-0.b)) SbO y , where x is a number greater than 0.0 and less than 1.0 (0.0<x<1.0), y is an integer, a and b are greater than 0, a is less than b, A comprises one or more of lithium, sodium, and potassium, and a total combined value of a number of A, a number of Ni, and a number of Mn is 2.0, and wherein the active material comprises an excess of a % to b % above a stoichiometric level of A.
14. The battery according to claim 13 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid, solid, or gel.
15. The battery according to claim 13 , wherein the anode comprises one or more of: an alkali metal, silicon, and carbon.
16. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the active material comprises a 5 to 30% excess of lithium, such that the active material has a formulation of Li 1.05-1.3 Ni (1-x) Mn (x-(0.05-0.3)) SbO y .
17. The battery according to claim 13 , wherein 0.05<x<0.9 and 1<y<8.
18. The battery according to claim 17 , wherein a specific capacity of the active material is >50 milliamp-hours per gram.
19. The battery according to claim 13 , wherein 0.4<x<0.6 and 1<y<8.
20. The battery according to claim 19 , wherein a specific capacity of the active material is >70 milliamp-hours per gram.
21. The battery according to claim 13 , wherein the active material is doped with a transition metal oxide or a non-transition metal oxide.
22. The battery according to claim 13 , wherein x=0.2, y=2, and a discharge specific capacity of the active material is greater than 100 milliamp-hours per gram.
23. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the active material operates at a voltage of more than 4.5 volts vs Li/Li+.
24. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the cathode comprises about 70 wt % of the active material, 20 wt % carbon black and 10 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
25. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the cathode is coated on 15 μm Al foil.