Polyamide compositions and plating applications thereof
The present disclosure relates to polyamide compositions and resulting injection-molded articles that can be plated, e.g., metal coated, to form aesthetic injection-molded articles. The polyamide compositions may include from 45 wt. % to 75 wt. % of an polyamide, from 2 wt. % to 40 wt. % of an etchable filler, from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % of a semi-structural mineral, and optionally from 0.1 wt. % to 13 wt. % of additive. The polyamide composition imparts very good surface appearance to injection-molded articles that are substantially free of visual defects.
1. A polyamide composition consisting of:
from 45 wt. % to 75 wt. % of a polyamide, wherein the polyamide is PA-6,6/6, PA-6,6/6I, or PA-6,6/6I/6, or combinations thereof, and the polyamide comprises greater than 65 wt. % 6,6 units;
greater than 2 wt. % and less than 18 wt. % of an magnesium hydroxide;
from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % of a semi-structural mineral; and
from 0.1 wt. % to 13 wt. % of additive;
wherein the semi-structural mineral does not include mica or wollastonite;
wherein the composition has an R-value of at least 10 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter; and
wherein the additive comprises inorganic stabilizers, organic stabilizers, lubricants, dyes, pigments, nucleating agents, metal flakes, impact modifiers, antistatic agents, conductivity additives, mold-release agents, optical brighteners, adhesion promoters, ageing inhibitors, antioxidants, antiozonants, light stabilizers, UV stabilizers, UV absorbers, UV blockers, inorganic heat stabilizers, organic heat stabilizers, processing aids, crystallization accelerators, crystallization retarders, and flow aids, wherein the composition does not comprise any glass fibers.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyamide comprises PA-6,6 units and from 1 wt. % to 25 wt. % PA- 6 units.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the magnesium hydroxide is coated with one or more of an organosilane coating, a vinylsilane coating, or an aminosilane coating.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the magnesium hydroxide comprises a silane coupling agent and has an average particle size ranging from 0.1 microns to 2.0 microns.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive comprises from 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of pigment, from 0.05 wt. % to 1 wt. % of lubricant, and/or from 0.25 wt. % to 2 wt. % of processing aid.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the pigment comprises a thermally stable nigrosine and wherein the lubricant comprises zinc stearate.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semi-structural mineral comprises one or more of kaolin or talc.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a distinctness of image of at least 85 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the R-value is at least 10.5 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a density less than 1.5 g/cm 3 and a melting point ranging from 220° C. to 260° C.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a distinctness of image of at least 90 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter and an R-value of at least 10.5 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter.
12. The composition of claim 1 , the semi-structural mineral comprises kaolin, wherein the composition has a density less than 1.5 g/cm 3 , wherein the composition has a distinctness of image of at least 90 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter and an R-value of at least 10.5 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter.
13. A polyamide composition consisting of:
from 45 wt. % to 75 wt. % of a an polyamide , wherein the polyamide is PA-6,6/6, PA-6,6/6I, or PA-6,6/6I/6, or combinations thereof, and the polyamide comprises greater than 65 wt. % 6,6 units;
greater than 2 wt. % and less than 18 wt. % of a silane-coated magnesium hydroxide;
from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % of kaolin; and
from 0.1 wt. % to 13 wt. % of additive,
wherein the composition has a distinctness of image of at least 85 as measured by Byk Gardner Wave Scan meter and a tensile strength of at least 63 MPa as measured by ASTM D638; and
wherein the additive comprises inorganic stabilizers, organic stabilizers, lubricants, dyes, pigments, nucleating agents, metal flakes, impact modifiers, antistatic agents, conductivity additives, mold-release agents, optical brighteners, adhesion promoters, ageing inhibitors, antioxidants, antiozonants, light stabilizers, UV stabilizers, UV absorbers, UV blockers, inorganic heat stabilizers, organic heat stabilizers, processing aids, crystallization accelerators, crystallization retarders, and flow aids, wherein the composition does not comprise any glass fibers.
14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the silane-coated magnesium hydroxide has an average particle size ranging from 0.1 microns to 2.0 microns.
15. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the additive comprises a nucleating agent.
16. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the additive comprises from 0.5 wt. % to 5 wt. % of nigrosine, from 0.05 wt. % to 1 wt. % of zinc stearate, from 0.25 wt. % to 2 wt. % of a substituted piperidine compound.
17. An injection-molded article formed from the composition of claim 1 .
18. The injection-molded article of claim 17 , wherein the injection-molded article is plated with a metal comprising one or more of copper, manganese, tin, nickel, iron, chrome, zinc, gold, platinum, cobalt, phosphorus, aluminum, and alloys thereof.
19. The injection-molded article of claim 17 , wherein the injection-molded article is plated with chrome in the absence of hexavalent chromium.