Wax-organic extender emulsion and method for manufacture thereof
A wax-extender emulsion including a plurality of wax-extender complex particles suspended in water is described. A wax-extender complex includes a wax component, an organic extender component and a surfactant that stabilizes the wax component and the organic extender component collectively to form the wax-extender complex. The wax-extender emulsion comprises from 2 wt % to 30 wt % organic extender. During manufacturing, the organic extender and wax component are emulsified and homogenized together to produce the wax-extender emulsion. The wax-extender emulsion can be co-applied as a mixture with adhesive resin during wood-based composite manufacturing.
1. A wax-extender emulsion comprising a wax-extender complex suspended in water, wherein the wax-extender complex comprises a wax component, an organic extender component and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant associates with and stabilizes the wax component and the organic extender component, which are associated with one another, to form the complex, wherein the wax-extender emulsion comprises from 2 wt % to 30 wt % organic extender.
2. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the wax component comprises a petroleum-based wax, a bio-based wax, a synthetic wax or mixtures thereof.
3. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 2 , wherein the petroleum-based wax comprises slack wax.
4. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 3 , wherein the slack wax comprises between 5 wt % to 30 wt % oil, having a melting point below 170° F. and a flash point below 600° F.
5. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 3 , wherein the petroleum-based wax further comprises oil, petrolatum, pure paraffinic, microcrystalline, scale waxes, or combinations thereof.
6. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the organic extender comprises a lignin material.
7. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 6 , wherein the lignin material comprises one or more byproducts of a pulping process, wherein the pulping process is selected from the group consisting of kraft pulping, sulfite pulping, ASAM organosolv pulping, acid hydrolysis, soda pulping, Organocell pulping, Acetosolv pulping, and combinations thereof.
8. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 6 , wherein the lignin material comprises one or more byproducts of kraft pulping.
9. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion comprises 20 wt % to 60 wt % wax component.
10. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion comprises 30 wt % to 70 wt % combined wax component and organic extender.
11. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion surfactant comprises the reaction product of a fatty acid and a base.
12. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 11 , wherein the fatty acid comprises a C 12 to C 22 fatty acid.
13. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 11 , wherein the fatty acid comprises lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isomers thereof or mixtures thereof.
14. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 11 , wherein the fatty acid accounts for up to 5 wt % of the wax emulsion.
15. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 11 , wherein the base comprises a mono-functional amine, a multi-functional amine, cyclic amine, an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, ammonia or combinations thereof.
16. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 11 , wherein the base accounts for up to 5 wt % of the wax emulsion.
17. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , further comprising a defoamer and a pH modifier.
18. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 17 , wherein the defoamer comprises a water-based defoamer, a silicone-based defoamer, a silicone-free defoamer, an oil-based defoamer, a polymer-based defoamer, or mixtures thereof.
19. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 17 , wherein the pH modifier comprises a mono-functional amine, a multi-functional amine, an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt or combinations thereof.
20. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 17 , comprising 30 wt % to 60 wt % petroleum-based wax as the wax component and 5 wt % to 20 wt % lignin material as the organic extender, wherein the emulsion surfactant comprises the reaction product of a C 12 -C 20 fatty acid and a complimentary tri-functional amine, the defoamer comprises a nonionic blend of mineral oil and silica derivatives, and the pH modifier comprises sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.
21. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein a particle size distribution curve for the wax-extender emulsion has a single, uniform peak.
22. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein a peak wax volatility temperature of the wax component in the wax-extender emulsion is higher than a peak wax volatility temperature of a control wax emulsion utilizing a corresponding base slack wax material.
23. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 22 , wherein the peak wax volatility temperature of the wax component in the wax-extender emulsion is between about 1° C. and 40° C. higher than the peak wax volatility temperature of a control wax emulsion utilizing a corresponding base slack wax material.
24. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 23 , wherein the peak wax volatility temperature of the wax component in the wax-extender emulsion is between about 20° C. and 40° C. higher than the peak wax volatility temperature a control wax emulsion utilizing a corresponding base slack wax material.
25. A method of simultaneously co-applying a mixture of a wax-extender emulsion and an adhesive resin for use in manufacturing a wood-based composite, comprising:
a) introducing a wax-extender emulsion to a mixing device, the wax-extender emulsion comprising a wax-extender complex suspended in water, wherein the wax-extender complex comprises a wax component, an organic extender component and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant associates with and stabilizes the wax component and the organic extender component, which are closely associated with one another, to form the complex, wherein the wax-extender emulsion comprises from 2 wt % to 30 wt % organic extender;
b) introducing an adhesive resin to a mixing device;
c) mixing the wax-extender emulsion and the adhesive resin in the mixing device, and
d) simultaneously co-applying the mixed wax-extender emulsion and adhesive resin to wood material for use in manufacturing a wood-based composite.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the wax-extender emulsion is produced by co-emulsifying and co-homogenizing an organic extender and a wax component in water.
27. The method of claim 25 , wherein the adhesive resin comprises pMDI.
28. The method of claim 25 , wherein the mixing device is an in-line static mix tube.
29. The method of claim 25 , wherein the mixture of wax-extender emulsion and adhesive resin is applied in the form of droplets, and wherein each droplet comprises both wax-extender emulsion and adhesive resin.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein when the mixed wax-extender emulsion and adhesive resin is applied, a mixture having a 5 wt % reduction in the amount of adhesive resin introduced to the mixing device relative to the amount of resin introduced to the mixing device when a conventional wax emulsion is used exhibits a comparable level of performance to separately applied conventional wax emulsion and adhesive resin.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the mixture has a 10 wt % reduction in the amount of adhesive resin relative to that when a conventional wax emulsion is used.
32. The method of claim 29 , wherein performance is evaluated using factors selected from the group consisting of thickness swell, water absorption, and internal bond strength.
33. The method of claim 29 , wherein the droplets are formed via spray or atomization.
34. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the wax component and the organic extender component of the wax-extender complex are co-homogenized and co-emulsified.
35. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is capable of being mixed with an adhesive such that the emulsion and adhesive are simultaneously co-applied.