Catalytic process for co-production of benzene, ethylene, and hydrogen
A process for the production of benzene and ethylene from an alkane-containing gas stream. The alkane-containing gas stream may be contacted, in a reaction zone of a reactor under alkane aromatization conditions, with an aromatization catalyst including any combination of fresh, spent, and regenerated catalyst to produce an outlet stream including (i) spent catalyst and (ii) a product mixture including benzene and ethylene. The spent catalyst may be regenerated in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions to produce the regenerated catalyst. A selected amount of fresh catalyst may be added to the regeneration zone to produce the mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst, which may be recycled to the reaction zone. A ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture may be controlled by modifying the alkane aromatization conditions, the regeneration conditions, and/or the selected amount of fresh catalyst added to the regeneration zone.
1. A process for the production of benzene and ethylene from an alkane-containing gas stream, which alkane-containing gas stream contains at least one alkane selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane or butane, comprising:
(a) contacting the alkane-containing gas stream, in a reaction zone of a reactor under alkane aromatization conditions, with an aromatization catalyst comprising a mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst to produce an outlet stream comprising (i) spent catalyst and (ii) a product mixture comprising benzene and ethylene,
(b) separating the spent catalyst from the product mixture in the outlet stream,
(c) regenerating the separated spent catalyst in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions to produce the regenerated catalyst,
(d) adding a selected amount of fresh catalyst to the regeneration zone to produce a mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst,
(e) recycling the mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst to the reaction zone, and
(f) controlling the ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture by modifying at least one selected from the group consisting of: the alkane aromatization conditions, the regeneration conditions, and the selected amount of fresh catalyst added to the regeneration zone in step (d),
wherein the alkane aromatization conditions may be modified by adjusting the temperature, pressure, feed rate, and/or residence time and the regeneration conditions may be modified by adjusting the temperature, pressure, and/or space velocity.
2. A process for the production of benzene and ethylene from an alkane-containing gas stream, which alkane-containing gas stream contains at least one alkane selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane or butane, comprising:
(a) contacting the alkane-containing gas stream, in a reaction zone of a reactor under alkane aromatization conditions, with an aromatization catalyst comprising recycled spent catalyst and a mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst to produce an outlet stream comprising (i) spent catalyst and (ii) a product mixture comprising benzene and ethylene,
(b) separating the spent catalyst from the product mixture in the outlet stream,
(c) regenerating a first portion of the separated spent catalyst in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions to produce the regenerated catalyst,
(d) adding a selected amount of fresh catalyst to the regeneration zone to produce a mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst,
(e) recycling the mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst to the reaction zone,
(f) recycling a second portion of the separated spent catalyst to the reaction zone,
and
(g) controlling the ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture by modifying at least one selected from the group consisting of: the alkane aromatization conditions, the regeneration conditions, and the selected amount of fresh catalyst added to the regeneration zone in step (d),
wherein the alkane aromatization conditions may be modified by adjusting the temperature, pressure, feed rate, and/or residence time and the regeneration conditions may be modified by adjusting the temperature, pressure, and/or space velocity.
3. A process for the production of benzene and ethylene from an alkane-containing gas stream, which alkane-containing gas stream contains at least one alkane selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane or butane, comprising:
(a) contacting the alkane-containing gas stream, in a reaction zone of a reactor under alkane aromatization conditions, with an aromatization catalyst comprising regenerated catalyst and a mixture of fresh catalyst and spent catalyst to produce an outlet stream comprising (i) spent catalyst and (ii) a product mixture comprising benzene and ethylene,
(b) separating the spent catalyst from the product mixture in the outlet stream,
(c) regenerating a first portion of the separated spent catalyst in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions to produce the regenerated catalyst,
(d) recycling the regenerated catalyst to the reaction zone,
(e) adding a selected amount of fresh catalyst to a second portion of the separated spent catalyst to produce a mixture of fresh catalyst and spent catalyst,
(f) recycling the mixture of fresh catalyst and spent catalyst to the reaction zone, and
(g) controlling the ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture by modifying at least one selected from the group consisting of: the alkane aromatization conditions, the regeneration conditions, and the selected amount of fresh catalyst added to the second portion of the separated catalyst in step (e),
wherein the alkane aromatization conditions may be modified by adjusting the temperature, pressure, feed rate, and/or residence time and the regeneration conditions may be modified by adjusting the temperature, pressure, and/or space velocity.
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising increasing the ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture by increasing the selected amount of fresh catalyst added in step (d).
5. The process of claim 1 , further comprising decreasing the ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture by decreasing the selected amount of fresh catalyst added in step (d).
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkane aromatization conditions comprise a temperature in the range of from 550° C. to 750° C.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkane aromatization conditions comprise an aromatization catalyst residence time in the reaction zone which is in the range from 1 minute to 60 minutes.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the regeneration conditions comprise a temperature in the range of from 650° C. to 750° C.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the regeneration conditions comprise a spent catalyst residence time in the regeneration zone which is in the range from 30 seconds to 30 minutes.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aromatization catalyst comprises a zeolite selected from the group consisting of ZSM-5, ZSM-22, ZSM-8, ZSM-11, ZSM-12 or ZSM-35.