Chemical reactor with catalyst support system
The invention relates to a chemical reactor comprising at least one catalyst support system and anti-blocking means arranged around and above a reactor opening, which prevents catalyst or other reactor parts to enter or exit a reactor opening.
1. A chemical reactor holding a fixed bed catalyst, comprising a catalyst support system arranged in the lower part of the reactor for shielding at least one lower part reactor opening from said catalyst, the catalyst support system comprises flow channels to enable process fluid to flow to or from the reactor through said reactor opening, wherein the catalyst support system further comprises anti-blocking means to prevent blocking of said flow channels, wherein said anti-blocking means comprises a geometrical flow labyrinth comprising an outer face of the catalyst support system with a larger total cross sectional flow area than the total cross sectional flow area of the flow channels.
2. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the cross sectional flow area of the outer face of the catalyst support system is between 1.1 and 4.0 or 1.1 and 2.0 or 1.2 and 1.7 times larger than the total cross sectional flow area of the flow channels.
3. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-blocking means comprise ramparts.
4. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst support system comprises a plurality of bricks comprising said flow channels.
5. A chemical reactor according to claim 4 , wherein said bricks are adapted to form a catalyst support system which is in the form of a cone, a dome, an arch, a cylinder, a pyramid, an inverted cone, a half doughnut or has a flat form.
6. A chemical reactor according to claim 5 , wherein said bricks are adapted to be arranged in layers to form the catalyst support system.
7. A chemical reactor according to claim 5 , wherein said bricks comprise one or more brick legs and brick shoulders, and said flow channels are formed between said brick legs.
8. A chemical reactor according to claim 5 , wherein said bricks comprise protruding spacers, and said flow channels are formed between said protruding spacers.
9. A chemical reactor according to claim 5 , wherein said bricks are hollow, and said flow channels are formed in the hollow space within the bricks.
10. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein said flow channels have an even cross sectional flow area through the catalyst support system.
11. A chemical reactor according to claim 5 , wherein the anti-blocking means are an integrated part of said bricks.
12. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-blocking means are oblong elements arranged perpendicular to the flow channels.
13. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-blocking means have a triangular cross-sectional shape and rounded corners.
14. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-blocking means are independent elements arranged on the outside of said catalyst support system.
15. A chemical reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising inert elements or catalyst arranged around said catalyst support system and geometrically shaped to support on said anti-blocking means, while allowing process fluid flow through said flow channels.
16. A chemical reactor according to claim 15 , wherein said inert elements are spheres.
17. A chemical reactor according to claim 15 , wherein said inert elements are ring shaped.
18. A chemical reactor according to claim 15 , wherein said inert elements are random shaped lumps.
19. A chemical reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the particles with catalytic activity are arranged around said catalyst support system.
20. A chemical reactor according to claim 16 , wherein the inert particle shape is of the same size or larger than the slot width of the anti-blocking means.
21. A chemical reactor according to claim 19 , wherein the catalyst particle shape is of the same size or larger than the slot width of the anti-blocking means.