Methods and equipment for reducing power loss in cellular systems
A method is provided. The method comprises determining configuration data; wherein the configuration data comprises a resistance of a bypass circuit coupled between a remote radio head and a power cable; using the configuration data, determining the resistance of the power cable coupling a programmable power supply to the remote radio head mounted on a mounting structure, comprising: entering a calibration mode; setting an output voltage of the programmable power supply; measuring an output current of the programmable power supply; storing the output current; and determining the cable resistance; and storing the resistance of the power cable.
1. A method of determining a resistance of power conductors with radio ends, electrically coupled to an electrical power input of a radio, and first ends, opposite the radio ends, electrically coupled to an output of a programmable power supply, the method comprising:
providing a voltage at the output of the programmable power supply equal to (a) an initial voltage or (b) a sum of (i) a product, of a value of a current flowing through the output of the programmable power supply and a previously estimated or a previously measured resistance of the power conductors and (ii) a target voltage at the radio ends;
measuring, during a time window, a value of at least one current flowing from the output of the programmable power supply;
receiving at least one radio ends voltage, wherein a radio ends voltage is a voltage at the radio ends of the power conductors;
determining a difference voltage for each radio ends voltage, wherein the difference voltage is a difference between a voltage at the output of the programmable power supply and a corresponding radio ends voltage;
determining the resistance of the power conductors for each difference voltage by dividing each difference voltage with the value of the current flowing from the output corresponding in time with a radio ends voltage used to determine a corresponding difference voltage; and
determining an average resistance of the power conductors by determining an average of each determined resistance.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether to again calculate the resistance of the power conductors based upon at least one of: disablement of the radio, passing of a fixed time period, weather changes, and radio detection of an overvoltage or under voltage condition.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to determining the average resistance, removing at least one determined resistance wherein each such at least one determined resistance is greater than an upper boundary of a statistical range of resistances derived from determined resistances or less than a lower boundary of the statistical range of resistances.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising interpolating a waveform of currents flowing from the output and interpolating a waveform of one of the radio ends voltages and difference voltages; and
aligning interpolated waveforms.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising using the average resistance and a value of current flowing through the output of the programmable power supply to adjust the voltage at the output of the programmable power supply.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the value of the at least one current flowing from the output comprises at least two values of the current flowing from the output;
wherein the at least one radio ends voltage comprises at least two radio ends voltages.
7. A method of determining a resistance of power conductors with radio ends, electrically coupled to an electrical power input of a radio, and first ends, opposite the radio ends, electrically coupled to an output of a programmable power supply, the method comprising:
obtaining an initial estimate of the resistance of the power conductors;
determining or obtaining a target voltage at the radio ends;
obtaining an initial voltage at the output of the programmable power supply;
providing the initial voltage at the output of the programmable power supply;
receiving a radio ends voltage, wherein the radio ends voltage is a voltage at the radio ends;
determining if an absolute value of a difference between the radio ends voltage and the target voltage at the radio ends is less than a threshold voltage;
determining that the absolute value of the difference between the radio ends voltage and the target voltage at the radio ends is not less than the threshold voltage, then determining if the radio ends voltage is greater than the target voltage;
determining that the radio ends voltage is greater than the target voltage at the radio ends, then decreasing the initial estimate of the resistance of the power conductors; and
determining that the radio ends voltage is not greater than the target voltage at the radio ends, then increasing the initial estimate of the resistance of the power conductors.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising determining whether to again calculate the resistance of the power conductors based upon at least one of: disablement of the radio, passing of a fixed time period, weather changes, and radio detection of an overvoltage or under voltage condition.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein increasing the initial estimate of the resistance comprises increasing the initial estimate of the resistance by an incremental resistance;
wherein decreasing the initial estimate of the resistance comprises decreasing the initial estimate of the resistance by the incremental resistance, wherein the incremental resistance is predetermined or is proportional to the difference between the radio ends voltage and the target voltage at the radio ends.
10. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
receiving a measurement of a current flowing through the output of the programmable power supply;
determining if the current is greater than zero amps; and
determining that the current is not greater than zero amps, then increasing the voltage at the output of the programmable power supply.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein at least one of the following are predetermined: the initial estimate of the resistance, the target voltage, the initial voltage at the output of the programmable power supply, and an incremental resistance.
12. The method of claim 7 , further comprising determining and providing another voltage at the output of the programmable power supply.
13. An apparatus configured to determine a resistance of power conductors with radio ends, electrically coupled to an electrical power input of a radio, and first ends, opposite the radio ends, electrically coupled to an output of a programmable power supply, the apparatus comprising:
the programmable power supply comprising the output; and
processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the programmable power supply and configured to:
provide a voltage at the output of the programmable power supply equal to (a) an initial voltage or (b) a sum of (i) a product, of a value of a current flowing through an output of the programmable power supply and a previously estimated or a previously measured resistance of the power conductors and (ii) a target voltage at the radio ends;
receive, during a time window, a value of at least one current flowing from the output of the programmable power supply;
receive at least one radio ends voltage, wherein a radio ends voltage is a voltage at the radio ends;
determine a difference voltage for each radio ends voltage, wherein the difference voltage is a difference between a voltage at the output of the programmable power supply and a corresponding radio ends voltage;
determine the resistance of the power conductors for each difference voltage by dividing each difference voltage with the value of the current flowing from the output corresponding in time with a radio ends voltage used to determine a corresponding difference voltage; and
determining an average resistance of the power conductors by determining an average of each determined resistance.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine whether to again calculate the resistance of the power conductors based upon at least one of: disablement of the radio, passing of a fixed time period, weather changes, and radio detection of an overvoltage or under voltage condition.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to, prior to determining the average resistance, remove at least one determined resistance wherein each such at least one determined resistance is greater than an upper boundary of a statistical range of resistances derived from determined resistances or less than a lower boundary of the statistical range of resistances derived.
16. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
interpolate a waveform of currents flowing from the output and interpolating a waveform of one of the radio ends voltages and difference voltages; and
align interpolated waveforms.
17. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to use the average resistance and a value of current flowing through the output of the programmable power supply to cause the programmable power supply to adjust the voltage at the output of the programmable power supply.
18. The apparatus of claim 13 ,
wherein the value of the at least one current flowing from the output comprises at least two values of the current flowing from the output;
wherein the at least one radio ends voltage comprises at least two radio ends voltages.
19. An apparatus configured to determine a resistance of power conductors with radio ends, electrically coupled to an electrical power input of a radio, and first ends, opposite the radio ends, electrically coupled to an output of a programmable power supply, the apparatus comprising:
the programmable power supply comprising the output; and
processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the programmable power supply and configured to:
cause an initial voltage to be provided at the output of the programmable power supply;
receive a radio ends voltage, wherein the radio ends voltage is a voltage at the radio ends;
determine if an absolute value of a difference between the radio ends voltage and a target voltage at the radio ends is less than a threshold voltage;
determine that the absolute value of the difference between the radio ends voltage and the target voltage at the radio ends is not less than the threshold voltage, then determine if the radio ends voltage is greater than the target voltage;
determine that the radio ends voltage is greater than the target voltage at the radio ends, then decrease an initial estimate of the resistance of the power conductors; and
determine that the radio ends voltage is not greater than the target voltage at the radio ends, then increase the initial estimate of the resistance of the power conductors.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine whether to again calculate the resistance of the power conductors based upon at least one of: disablement of the radio, passing of a fixed time period, weather changes, and radio detection of an overvoltage or under voltage condition.
21. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein increase the initial estimate of the resistance comprises increase the initial estimate of the resistance by an incremental resistance;
wherein decrease the initial estimate of the resistance comprises decrease the initial estimate of the resistance by the incremental resistance, wherein the incremental resistance is predetermined or is proportional to the difference between the radio ends voltage and the target voltage at the radio ends.
22. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a measurement of current flowing through the output of the programmable power supply;
determine if the current is greater than zero amps; and
determine that the current is not greater than zero amps, then increase the voltage at the output of the programmable power supply.
23. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein at least one of the following are predetermined: the initial estimate of the resistance, the target voltage, the initial voltage at the output of the programmable power supply, and an incremental resistance.
24. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine, and cause the programmable power supply to provide, another voltage at the output of the programmable power supply.