TIM-3 FOR ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF CANCER
The present invention relates to methods for assessing the severity of cancer by measuring the expression level of TIM-3 in a tumour sample. The present inventors have determined that the expression of TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3) can be correlated with the prognosis and with the responsiveness to treatment of patients suffering from solid cancer. They have particularly demonstrated that the specific ratio of the expression level of TIM-3 to the expression level of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response within the tumour is extremely predictive of patients' survival. Thus, the present invention relates to methods for determining the prognosis patients suffering from a solid cancer by determining the ratio of the expression level of TIM-3 to the expression level of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response in a tumour tissue sample obtained from said patient. Typically, these expression levels are determined by immunohistochemistry.
1 . A method for treating a patient suffering from a solid cancer, said method comprising the steps of evaluating the prognosis of said patient by of determining, in a tumour tissue sample obtained from said patient, the ratio of the expression level of TIM-3 to the expression level of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response; and treating the patient in view of said prognosis.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , said method comprising the following steps:
i) determining the expression level of TIM-3 and that of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response in the centre of the tumour (CT) in a tumour tissue sample obtained from said patient;
ii) determining the ratio of the expression level of TIM-3 to the expression level of said bionaarker in the centre of the tumour;
iii) comparing said ratio with a predetermined reference value;
iv) providing a good prognosis when said ratio is higher than the predetermined reference value and treating the patient accordingly.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , said method comprising the following steps:
i) determining the expression level of TIM-3 and that of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response in the invasive margin (IM) in a tumour tissue sample obtained from said patient;
ii) determining the ratio of the expression level of TIM-3 to the expression level of said biomarker in the invasive margin of the tumour;
iii) comparing said ratio with a predetermined reference value;
iv) providing a bad prognosis when said ratio is higher than the predetermined reference value and treating the patient accordingly.
4 . A method for determining the prognosis of a patient suffering from solid cancer comprising the steps of;
i) measuring, in a tumour tissue ample obtained from said patient, the expression level of TIM-3;
ii) comparing said TIM-3 expression level with a predetermined reference value;
iii) providing a good prognosis when expression level of TIM-3 is higher than the predetermined reference value and treating the patient accordingly.
5 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein in step i) the expression level of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response is further measured, in step ii) said TIM-3 expression level and said biomarker expression level are compared with predetermined reference values, and wherein a good prognosis is provided when both the expression level of TIM-3 and of the hiomarker are higher that their predetermined reference values.
6 . A method for treating a patient suffering from solid cancer said method comprising the steps of:
i) measuring, in a tumour tissue sample obtained from said patient, the expression level of TIM-3 and that of a biomarker of the adaptive immune response;
ii) comparing said TIM-3 expression level and said biomarker expression level with predetermined reference values;
iii) assessing that the patient will advantageously receive an anticancer treatment when both the expression level of TIM-3 and of said biomarker are higher that their predetermined reference values; and iv) treating the patient according to the results obtained in step iii).
7 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein said anticancer treatment is an immunotherapy agent.