Active radial magnetic bearing assembly with internal sensors
An active radial magnetic bearing assembly for a rotating machine. The active radial magnetic bearing assembly may include a housing comprising a center axis, a stator coupled to the housing, a rotor, a first target, a second target, and a plurality of sensors. At least a portion of the rotor may be configured to rotate about the center axis within the stator. The first target may be a portion of a rotor outer surface and the second target may be coupled to or formed by the rotor. The plurality of sensors may be coupled to the stator and adjacent a stator inner surface. Each sensor of the plurality of sensors may detect at least one of a radial position and an axial position of the rotor via the first target or the second target.
1. A rotating machine, comprising:
an active radial magnetic bearing assembly, comprising:
a housing comprising a center axis extending longitudinally therethrough and a housing inner surface,
a stator coupled to the housing inner surface and comprising a stator inner surface extending axially between a first stator end wall and a second stator end wall,
a rotor comprising a rotor outer surface, a portion of the rotor outer surface being a first target, and at least a portion of the rotor configured to rotate about the center axis within the stator, such that an annular gap is defined between the rotor outer surface and the stator inner surface,
a second target coupled to or formed by the rotor, the second target axially spaced from the first target along the rotor, and
a plurality of sensors coupled to the stator and adjacent the stator inner surface, the plurality of sensors comprising:
a first sensor and a second sensor positioned to detect a radial position of the rotor via the first target, and
a third sensor positioned to detect an axial position of the rotor via the second target.
2. The rotating machine of claim 1 , wherein the second target comprises a protrusion extending radially outward from the rotor, the protrusion comprising a protrusion first surface axially spaced from and facing the first stator end wall.
3. The rotating machine of claim 2 , wherein the third sensor is positioned to detect the axial position of the rotor via the protrusion first surface.
4. The rotating machine of claim 2 , further comprising:
a third target coupled to or defined by the protrusion; and
a fourth sensor coupled to the stator and opposing the protrusion first surface, the fourth sensor positioned to detect at least one of a phase angle and a rotational speed of the rotor via the third target.
5. The rotating machine of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third target coupled to or defined by the rotor; and
a fourth sensor coupled to the stator and disposed radially outward from the third target, the fourth sensor positioned to detect at least one of a phase angle and a rotational speed of the rotor via the third target.
6. The rotating machine of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are coupled to the stator inner surface and circumferentially spaced from one another about the rotor.
7. The rotating machine of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprises one or more eddy current sensors.
8. The rotating machine of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of electromagnets coupled to the stator and disposed circumferentially about the rotor, each electromagnet disposed within a respective recess defined by the stator inner surface and circumferentially spaced from the plurality of sensors.
9. An active radial magnetic bearing assembly, comprising:
a housing comprising a center axis extending longitudinally therethrough and a housing inner surface;
a stator coupled to the housing inner surface and comprising a stator inner surface extending axially between a first stator end wall and a second stator end wall;
a rotor comprising a rotor outer surface, a portion of the rotor outer surface being a first target, and at least a portion of the rotor configured to rotate about the center axis within the stator, such that an annular gap is defined between the rotor outer surface and the stator inner surface;
a second target coupled to or formed by the rotor, the second target axially spaced from the first target along the rotor; and
a plurality of sensors coupled to the stator and adjacent the stator inner surface, the plurality of sensors comprising:
a first sensor and a second sensor positioned to detect a radial position of the rotor via the first target, and
a third sensor positioned to detect an axial position of the rotor via the second target.
10. The active radial magnetic bearing assembly of claim 9 , wherein the second target comprises a protrusion extending radially outward from the rotor, the protrusion comprising a protrusion first surface axially spaced from and facing the first stator end wall.
11. The active radial magnetic bearing assembly of claim 10 , further comprising:
a third target coupled to or defined by the protrusion; and
a fourth sensor coupled to the stator and opposing the protrusion first surface, the fourth sensor positioned to detect at least one of a phase angle and a rotational speed of the rotor via the third target.
12. The active radial magnetic bearing assembly of claim 9 , further comprising:
a third target coupled to or defined by the rotor; and
a fourth sensor coupled to the stator and disposed radially outward from the third target, the fourth sensor positioned to detect at least one of a phase angle and a rotational speed of the rotor via the third target.
13. The active radial magnetic bearing assembly of claim 9 , wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are coupled to the stator inner surface and circumferentially spaced from one another about the rotor.
14. The active radial magnetic bearing assembly of claim 9 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprises one or more eddy current sensors.
15. A system for determining an axial position, a radial position, and at least one of a phase angle and a rotational speed of a rotary shaft, comprising:
the rotary shaft;
a plurality of active radial magnetic bearing assemblies configured to support the rotary shaft, each active radial magnetic bearing assembly comprising:
a housing comprising a center axis extending longitudinally therethrough and a housing inner surface,
a stator coupled to the housing inner surface and comprising a stator inner surface extending axially between a first stator end wall and a second stator end wall,
a rotor coupled to the rotary shaft and comprising a rotor outer surface, a portion of the rotor outer surface being a first target, and at least a portion of the rotor configured to rotate about the center axis within the stator, such that an annular gap is defined between the rotor outer surface and the stator inner surface,
a second target coupled to or formed by the rotor, the second target axially spaced from the first target along the rotor, and
a plurality of sensors coupled to the stator and adjacent the stator inner surface, the plurality of sensors comprising:
a first sensor and a second sensor, each of the first sensor and the second sensor positioned to detect the radial position of the rotary shaft via the first target and transmit a radial position feedback signal, and
a third sensor positioned to detect the axial position of the rotary shaft via the second target and transmit an axial position feedback signal, wherein a first active radial magnetic bearing assembly of the plurality of active radial magnetic bearing assemblies further comprises a fourth sensor positioned to detect the at least one of the phase angle and the rotational speed of the rotary shaft via a third target and transmit at least one of a phase angle feedback signal and a rotational speed feedback signal; and
a control system configured to receive the radial position feedback signals, the axial position feedback signal, and the at least one of the phase angle feedback signal and the rotational speed feedback signal and determine the radial position, the axial position, and the at least one of the phase angle and the rotational speed of the rotary shaft.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the third target is coupled to or defined by the rotor of the first active radial magnetic bearing assembly.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein the second target of each active radial magnetic bearing assembly comprises a protrusion extending radially outward from the rotor, the protrusion comprising a protrusion first surface axially spaced from and facing the first stator end wall.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the third target is coupled to or defined by the protrusion of the first active radial magnetic bearing assembly.
19. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first sensor and the second sensor of each active radial magnetic bearing assembly are coupled to the stator inner surface and circumferentially spaced from one another about the rotor.
20. The system of claim 15 , wherein the plurality of sensors of each active radial magnetic bearing assembly comprises one or more eddy current sensors.