Apparatus, system and method of ranging measurement with secure long training field (LTF)
Some demonstrative embodiments include apparatuses, systems and/or methods of Multi-User (MU) ranging measurement. For example, an apparatus may include circuitry and logic configured to cause a wireless station to generate a plurality of sounding sequences corresponding to a plurality of stations (STAs), the plurality of sounding sequences including at least first and second different sounding sequences, the first sounding sequence corresponding to at least one first STA of the plurality of STAs, the second sounding sequence corresponding to at least one second STA of the plurality of STAs; during a Multi-User (MU) ranging measurement, to transmit a MU frame to indicate a MU Downlink (DL) transmission; and, following the MU frame, to transmit a MU DL Null Data Packet (NDP) transmission to the plurality of STAs, the MU DL NDP transmission including a plurality of Long Training Fields (LTFs) including the plurality of sounding sequences.
1. An apparatus comprising:
memory circuitry; and
a processor comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a responder wireless communication station (STA) to:
transmit first secure sequence generation information to a first initiator STA;
transmit second secure sequence generation information to a second initiator STA;
transmit a trigger frame (TF);
process a plurality of Null Data Packets (NDPs) from a plurality of initiator STAs after the TF, the plurality of initiator STAs comprising the first initiator STA and the second initiator STA;
transmit an NDP Announcement (NDPA) a first Short Inter-Frame Space (SIFS) after the plurality of NDPs, wherein the NDPA is during a sounding part of a ranging measurement with the plurality of initiator STAs; and
transmit an NDP a second SIFS after the NDPA, the NDP comprising a plurality of High Efficiency (HE) Long Training Field (LTF) (HE-LTF) symbols, the plurality of HE-LTF symbols comprising a first secure HE-LTF symbol for the first initiator STA and a second secure HE-LTF symbol for the second initiator STA, the first secure HE-LTF symbol comprising a first randomized LTF sequence which is based on the first secure sequence generation information, the second secure HE-LTF symbol comprising a second randomized LTF sequence which is based on the second secure sequence generation information.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 configured to cause the responder STA to generate a pseudo-random protection sequence based on the first secure sequence generation information, and to generate the first randomized LTF sequence based on the pseudo-random protection sequence.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the NDPA comprises first allocation information for the first initiator STA, and second allocation information for the second initiator STA, the first allocation information to indicate to the first initiator STA an allocation of the first secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols, the second allocation information to indicate to the second initiator STA an allocation of the second secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the NDPA comprises allocation information to indicate to the first initiator STA an allocation of the first secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 configured to cause the responder STA to transmit the first secure sequence generation information to the first initiator STA in a negotiation prior to the ranging measurement.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising a radio, the processor configured to cause the radio to transmit the NDPA and the NDP.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 comprising one or more antennas connected to the radio, another memory to store data processed by the responder STA, and another processor to execute instructions of an operating system.
8. A product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions configured to, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a responder wireless communication station (STA) to:
transmit first secure sequence generation information to a first initiator STA;
transmit second secure sequence generation information to a second initiator STA;
transmit a trigger frame (TF);
process a plurality of Null Data Packets (NDPs) from a plurality of initiator STAs after the TF, the plurality of initiator STAs comprising the first initiator STA and the second initiator STA;
transmit an NDP Announcement (NDPA) a first Short Inter-Frame Space (SIFS) after the plurality of NDPs, wherein the NDPA is during a sounding part of a ranging measurement with the plurality of initiator STAs; and
transmit an NDP a second SIFS after the NDPA, the NDP comprising a plurality of High Efficiency (HE) Long Training Field (LTF) (HE-LTF) symbols, the plurality of HE-LTF symbols comprising a first secure HE-LTF symbol for the first initiator STA and a second secure HE-LTF symbol for the second initiator STA, the first secure HE-LTF symbol comprising a first randomized LTF sequence which is based on the first secure sequence generation information, the second secure HE-LTF symbol comprising a second randomized LTF sequence which is based on the second secure sequence generation information.
9. The product of claim 8 , wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the responder STA to generate a pseudo-random protection sequence based on the first secure sequence generation information, and to generate the first randomized LTF sequence based on the pseudo-random protection sequence.
10. The product of claim 8 , wherein the NDPA comprises first allocation information for the first initiator STA, and second allocation information for the second initiator STA, the first allocation information to indicate to the first initiator STA an allocation of the first secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols, the second allocation information to indicate to the second initiator STA an allocation of the second secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols.
11. The product of claim 8 , wherein the NDPA comprises allocation information to indicate to the first initiator STA an allocation of the first secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols.
12. The product of claim 8 , wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the responder STA to transmit the first secure sequence generation information to the first initiator STA in a negotiation prior to the ranging measurement.
13. An apparatus comprising:
means for causing a responder wireless communication station (STA) to transmit first secure sequence generation information to a first initiator STA;
means for causing the responder STA to transmit second secure sequence generation information to a second initiator STA;
means for causing the responder STA to transmit a trigger frame (TF);
means for causing the responder STA to process a plurality of Null Data Packets (NDPs) from a plurality of initiator STAs after the TF, the plurality of initiator STAs comprising the first initiator STA and the second initiator STA;
means for causing the responder STA to transmit an NDP Announcement (NDPA) a first Short Inter-Frame Space (SIFS) after the plurality of NDPs, wherein the NDPA is during a sounding part of a ranging measurement with the plurality of initiator STAs; and
means for causing the responder STA to transmit an NDP a second SIFS after the NDPA, the NDP comprising a plurality of High Efficiency (HE) Long Training Field (LTF) (HE-LTF) symbols, the plurality of HE-LTF symbols comprising a first secure HE-LTF symbol for the first initiator STA and a second secure HE-LTF symbol for the second initiator STA, the first secure HE-LTF symbol comprising a first randomized LTF sequence which is based on the first secure sequence generation information, the second secure HE-LTF symbol comprising a second randomized LTF sequence which is based on the second secure sequence generation information.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 comprising means for causing the responder STA to generate a pseudo-random protection sequence based on the first secure sequence generation information, and to generate the first randomized LTF sequence based on the pseudo-random protection sequence.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 comprising means for causing the responder STA to transmit the first secure sequence generation information to the first initiator STA in a negotiation prior to the ranging measurement.
16. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the NDPA comprises first allocation information for the first initiator STA, and second allocation information for the second initiator STA, the first allocation information to indicate to the first initiator STA an allocation of the first secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols, the second allocation information to indicate to the second initiator STA an allocation of the second secure HE-LTF symbol in the plurality of HE-LTF symbols.