Tetrafluoropropene-based composition
A composition including between 4 and 6 wt. % of difluoromethane, between 2.5 and 3.5 wt. % of pentafluoroethane, and between 91 and 93.5 wt. % of tetrafluoropropene. The use of the composition as replacement for R404A, R452A, R22, R134a, R245fa, R152a, R422, R502, R407A, R407F, R407C, R1234yf or R1234ze. A heat-transfer composition including the composition and at least one additive chosen from nanoparticles, stabilizing agents, surfactants, tracing agents, fluorescent agents, odorous agents, lubricants, and solubilizing agents.
1. A composition comprising:
from 4% to 6% by weight of difluoromethane;
from 2.5% to 3.5% by weight of pentafluoroethane; and
from 91% to 93.5% by weight of tetrafluoropropene.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:
from 4.5% to 5.5% by weight of difluoromethane;
from 2.5% to 3.5% by weight of pentafluoroethane; and
from 91% to 93% by weight of tetrafluoropropene.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:
from 4.5% to 5.5% by weight of difluoromethane;
from 2.5% to 3.5% by weight of pentafluoroethane; and
from 91.5% to 93% by weight of tetrafluoropropene.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:
from 4.5% to 5.5% by weight of difluoromethane;
from 3% to 3.5% by weight of pentafluoroethane; and
from 91% to 92% by weight of tetrafluoropropene.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , in which the tetrafluoropropene is 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , in which the tetrafluoropropene is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , chosen from the group consisting of:
5% by weight of difluoromethane, 3.3% by weight of pentafluoroethane and 91.7% by weight of tetrafluoropropene;
5% by weight of difluoromethane, 3% by weight of pentafluoroethane and 92% by weight of tetrafluoropropene;
5% by weight of difluoromethane, 3.1% by weight of pentafluoroethane and 91.9% by weight of tetrafluoropropene;
5% by weight of difluoromethane, 3.2% by weight of pentafluoroethane and 91.8% by weight of tetrafluoropropene;
6% by weight of difluoromethane, 3% by weight of pentafluoroethane and 91% by weight of tetrafluoropropene; and
6% by weight of difluoromethane, 2.5% by weight of pentafluoroethane and 91.5% by weight of tetrafluoropropene.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , having a GWP of less than 150.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein it has a lower flammability limit of greater than 285 g/m 3 .
10. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein it has a flame propagation rate of less than 2 cm/s.
11. A method for replacing R404A, R452A, R22, R134a, R245fa, R152a, R422, R502, R407A, R407F, R407C, R1234yf or R1234ze in a heat-transfer system, comprising replacing R404A, R452A, R22, R134a, R245fa, R152a, R422, R502, R407A, R407F, R407C, R1234yf or R1234ze with the composition as claimed in claim 1 .
12. A heat-transfer composition comprising the composition as claimed in claim 1 and at least one additive chosen from nanoparticles, stabilizing agents, surfactants, tracing agents, fluorescent agents, odorous agents, lubricants, and solubilizing agents.
13. A heat-transfer system containing a vapor compression circuit containing the composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the system is in refrigerated transport, in motor vehicle air conditioning or in motor vehicle heating.
14. A heat-transfer installation comprising a vapor compression circuit containing the composition as claimed in claim 1 .
15. The heat-transfer installation as claimed in claim 14 , chosen from installations comprising an electrical power of less than or equal to 50 kW, installations comprising at least one refrigerant/air heat exchanger and installations comprising at least one positive displacement piston compressor.
16. A process for heating or cooling a fluid or a body by means of a vapor compression circuit containing a heat-transfer fluid, said process successively comprising the evaporation of the heat-transfer fluid, the compression of the heat-transfer fluid, the condensation of the heat fluid and the expansion of the heat-transfer fluid, in which the heat-transfer fluid is a composition as claimed in claim 1 .
17. The process as claimed in claim 16 , chosen from:
a process for cooling a fluid or a body, in which the temperature of the cooled fluid or body is from −40° C. to −10° C.;
a process for cooling a fluid or a body, in which the temperature of the cooled fluid or body is from −15° C. to 15° C.; and
a process for heating a fluid or a body, in which the temperature of the heated fluid or body is from 30° C. to 80° C.