Video fingerprinting based on Fourier transform of histogram
A content device and method is disclosed to include a processing device to process streaming video content. A fingerprinter receives captured frames of the streaming video content and, for each frame of a plurality of the captured frames, generates a one-dimensional histogram function of pixel values and transforms the histogram function with a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), to generate a plurality of complex values for the frame. The fingerprinter further, for each of the plurality of complex values, assigns a binary one (“1”) when a real part of the complex value is greater than zero (“0”) and assigns a binary zero (“0”) when the real part is less than or equal to zero, to generate a plurality of bits. The fingerprinter further concatenates a specific number of the bits to generate a fingerprint for the frame.
1. A content device comprising:
a non-transitory memory storing instructions; and
a processing device in communication with the non-transitory memory and configured to execute the instructions, the instructions when executed causing the processing device to perform operations comprising:
receiving a video frame;
generating a histogram function that indicates a quantitative distribution of pixel values within the video frame;
transforming the histogram function to generate complex values that correspond respectively to the pixel values; and
for each of the complex values, generating a bit that indicates whether a real part of the complex value is greater than zero,
wherein generating the bit for each of the complex values comprises generating a fingerprint, wherein the operations further comprise communicating the fingerprint to a server.
2. The content device of claim 1 , wherein transforming the histogram function comprises transforming the histogram function using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
3. The content device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel values correspond to Y values of a YUV color space.
4. The content device of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise indexing the complex values from 0 to 255.
5. The content device of claim 1 , wherein the fingerprint includes 128 bits or 256 bits.
6. The content device of claim 1 , wherein the video frame comprises encoded video content.
7. The content device of claim 1 , wherein the video frame comprises video within a YUV 4:2:2 color space.
8. The content device of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise converting the video frame by scaling a resolution of the video frame to a threshold resolution level.
9. The content device of claim 8 , wherein the converting further comprises converting the video frame to a YUV 4:2:0 color space.
10. A method comprising:
receiving, at a processing device of a content device, a video frame;
generating a histogram function that indicates a quantitative distribution of pixel values within the video frame;
transforming the histogram function to generate complex values that correspond respectively to the pixel values; and
for each of the complex values, generating a bit that indicates whether a real part of the complex value is greater than zero,
wherein generating the bit for each of the complex values comprises generating a fingerprint, the method further comprising communicating the fingerprint to a server.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein transforming the histogram function comprises transforming the histogram function using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the pixel values correspond to Y values of a YUV color space.
13. The method of claim 10 , further comprising indexing the complex values from 0 to 255.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the fingerprint includes 128 bits or 256 bits.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the video frame comprises encoded video content.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the video frame comprises video within a YUV 4:2:2 color space.
17. The method of claim 10 , further comprising converting the video frame by scaling a resolution of the video frame to a threshold resolution level.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the converting further comprises converting the video frame to a YUV 4:2:0 color space.