Polymer materials including coated nanovoids and methods and systems for forming the same
A nanovoided polymer-based material may include a bulk polymer material defining a plurality of nanovoids and an interfacial film disposed at an interface between each of the plurality of nanovoids and the bulk polymer material. The interfacial film may include one or more layers of material. A method of forming a nanovoided polymer-based material may include (1) forming a bulk polymer material defining a plurality of nanovoids and (2) forming an interfacial film at an interface between each of the plurality of nanovoids and the bulk polymer material. Various other methods, systems, and materials are also disclosed.
1. A nanovoided polymer material comprising:
a bulk polymer material defining a plurality of nanovoids; and
an interfacial film disposed at an interface between each of the plurality of nanovoids and the bulk polymer material, each interfacial film comprising:
a first layer surrounding a corresponding nanovoid of the plurality of nanovoids; and
a second layer disposed between the first layer and the bulk polymer material, the second layer comprising at least one of a surfactant or a lipid bilayer.
2. The nanovoided polymer material of claim 1 , wherein the first layer of the interfacial film comprises a material that differs from the bulk polymer material.
3. The nanovoided polymer material of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of nanovoids is spherical or anisotropic in shape.
4. The nanovoided polymer material of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the bulk polymer material or the first layer of the interfacial film comprises at least one of a silicon-based polymer, an acrylic polymer, an epoxy polymer, a polyurethane polymer, a styrene-based polymer, or a polyamine-based polymer.
5. The nanovoided polymer-based material of claim 1 , wherein the interfacial film comprises at least one of a metal, an oxide, a nitride, a fluorocarbon, or a fluorophore.
6. The nanovoided polymer-based material of claim 1 , wherein a porosity of the nanovoided polymer material is between 0% and approximately 75%.
7. The nanovoided polymer-based material of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the bulk polymer material or the interfacial film comprises a nanocomposite including nanoparticles embedded in a polymer.