Recombinant algal microorganisms having increased lipid production, and methods of making and using the same
The present invention provides a mutant algal microorganism that has a mutation that causes attenuated expression of TrifuncB and/or TrifuncA and as a result produces more lipids than a control algal microorganism. The mutant algal microorganism can further include a mutation in a gene encoding a peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway protein, such as an ACO1 or PXA1 gene, or a glyoxylate pathway protein, such as an ICL1 gene, that results in attenuated expression and further increased lipid production. Furthermore, provided herein are methods of producing lipids using the mutant algal microorganisms and methods of making the mutant microorganisms.
1. A Eustigmatophyte algal microorganism comprising a disruption in a gene encoding a mitochondrial trifunctional protein subunit B (TrifuncB) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10 and/or mitochondrial trifunctional protein subunit A (TrifuncA) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the microorganism produces more fatty acid methyl ester-derivatizable lipids (FAME lipids) on a per volume per day basis than a control microorganism of the same species.
2. The algal microorganism of claim 1 wherein the microorganism exhibits a fatty acid methyl ester-derivatizable lipids to total organic carbon (FAME/TOC) ratio at least 15% higher than a FAME/TOC ratio of a wild type microorganism of the same species cultured under the same conditions.
3. The algal microorganism of claim 2 , wherein the algal microorganism exhibits a FAME/TOC ratio at least 30% higher than the FAME/TOC ratio of the control microorganism.
4. The algal microorganism of claim 1 wherein the algal microorganism has increased volumetric lipid productivity as compared to a control microorganism.
5. The algal microorganism of claim 1 wherein the disruption is a knockout mutation.
6. The algal microorganism of claim 1 wherein the disruption is a knockdown mutation.
7. The algal microorganism of claim 5 wherein the microorganism comprises a disruption in mitochondrial trifunctional protein subunit B (TrifuncB).
8. The algal microorganism of claim 1 , further comprising a disruption in a gene encoding a peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway protein Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACO1) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 22.
9. The algal microorganism of claim 8 , wherein the algal microorganism exhibits a FAME/TOC ratio at least 30% higher than the FAME/TOC ratio of the control microorganism.
10. The algal microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the disruption is present in a gene encoding a peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway protein peroxisomal ABC-type acyl-coenzyme A transporter (PXA1) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 20.
11. The algal microorganism of claim 1 , further comprising a disruption in a gene encoding a glyoxylate pathway protein isocitrate lyase (ICL) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 24.
12. The algal microorganism of claim 1 , wherein disruption comprises insertion of exogenous DNA into the TrifuncB or TrifuncA gene thereby attenuating expression of the gene.
13. The algal microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the mutant algal microorganism is a species of Elipsoidon, Eustigmatos, Nannochloropsis , and Vischeria.
14. The algal microorganism of claim 13 , wherein the mutant algal microorganism is a species of Nannochloropsis.
15. A biomass comprising an algal microorganism according to claim 1 .
16. A biomass comprising an algal microorganism according to claim 8 .
17. A method of producing lipid, comprising culturing an algal microorganism of claim 1 in a culture medium and isolating lipid from the microorganism, the culture medium, or both.
18. A method of producing lipid comprising culturing an algal microorganism of claim 8 in a culture medium and isolating lipid from the microorganism, the culture medium, or both.
19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the culture conditions are nitrogen replete.
20. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the culture conditions are photoautotrophic.
21. The Eustigmatophyte algal organism of claim 1 wherein the disruption is present in a gene encoding a polypeptide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
22. The Eustigmatophyte algal organism of claim 1 wherein the disruption is present in a gene encoding a polypeptide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10.
23. The algal microorganism of claim 7 further comprising a disruption in a gene encoding a peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway protein Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACO1) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 22.