On-the-fly inroute adaptive modulation

1. A method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications, the method comprising:

receiving, by a terminal, power level feedback from a satellite, wherein the power level feedback is indicative of a received power level of a data transmission previously sent from the terminal to the satellite;

accessing, by the terminal, a feedback data structure to perform a lookup based on the received power level, wherein the feedback data structure maps a plurality of types of modulation with a plurality of minimum power level thresholds;

based on performing the lookup based on the received power level in the feedback data structure, determining, by the terminal, a type of modulation from the plurality of types of modulation; and

transmitting, by the terminal, data packets to the satellite using the determined type of modulation without changing communication channel or requesting permission via the satellite to change modulation, wherein:

the type of modulation differs from a previous type of modulation used to transmit the data transmission previously sent from the terminal to the satellite.

2. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 1 , wherein the feedback data structure further maps the plurality of minimum power level thresholds to a plurality of error correcting code rates.

3. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 2 , wherein:

the feedback data structure comprises a plurality of entries; and

each entry of the plurality of entries maps one of the plurality of types of modulation with one of the plurality of error correcting code rates and one of the plurality of minimum power level thresholds.

4. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of entries of the feedback data structure are ranked according to the plurality of minimum power level thresholds.

5. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 4 , wherein determining the type of modulation further comprises:

determining, by the terminal, an error correcting code rate from the plurality of error correcting code rates; and

selecting, by the terminal, an entry from the plurality of entries based on the power level feedback being greater than a first minimum power level threshold of the entry but the power level feedback being less than a second minimum power level threshold of a next higher ranked entry.

6. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of entries are interspersed such that one type of modulation of the plurality of types of modulation is mapped to a first entry having a higher rank than a second entry mapped to a second type of modulation of the plurality of types of modulation and the one type of modulation is mapped to a third entry having a lower rank than the second entry mapped to the second type of modulation.

7. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 1 , the method further comprising:

prior to transmitting data packets to the satellite using the determined type of modulation, transmitting, by the terminal, a burst packet header that indicates the type of modulation.

8. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 7 , wherein the burst packet header is transmitted using a fixed modulation and fixed code rate that is unchanging in relation to the determined type of modulation.

9. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 8 , further comprising:

encoding, by a modulator integrated circuit of the terminal, the data packets to the satellite using the determined type of modulation.

10. The method for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 4 , further comprising:

receiving, by the terminal, a second power level feedback from the satellite, wherein the second power level feedback is indicative of a second received power level of a second data transmission previously sent from the terminal to the satellite;

accessing, by the terminal, the feedback data structure to perform a second lookup based on the second received power level;

based on performing the second lookup based on the second received power level in the feedback data structure, determining, by the terminal, the second power level feedback is not greater than any of the plurality of minimum power level thresholds, wherein each of the plurality of minimum power level thresholds are mapped to a same symbol rate; and

determining, by the terminal, to decrease a symbol rate in response to determining that the second power level feedback is not greater than any of the plurality of minimum power level thresholds; and

transmitting, by the terminal to the satellite, a request to change a symbol rate on a channel designated for aloha random access.

11. A system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications, the system comprising:

a terminal that is in communication with a gateway system via a satellite and a satellite antenna, wherein the terminal comprises one or more non-transitory processor-readable mediums and the terminal is configured to:

receive power level feedback from the satellite, wherein the power level feedback is indicative of a received power level of a data transmission previously sent from the terminal to the satellite;

access a feedback data structure stored using the one or more non-transitory processor-readable mediums to perform a lookup based on the received power level, wherein the feedback data structure maps a plurality of types of modulation with a plurality of minimum power level thresholds;

based on performing the lookup based on the received power level in the feedback data structure, determine a type of modulation from the plurality of types of modulation; and

transmit data packets to the satellite using the determined type of modulation without changing communication channel or requesting permission via the satellite to change modulation, wherein:

the type of modulation differs from a previous type of modulation used to transmit the data transmission previously sent from the terminal to the satellite.

12. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 11 , further comprising the satellite antenna, wherein the terminal is electrically connected with the satellite antenna and the satellite antenna receives and transmits data to the satellite.

13. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 12 , further comprising the satellite, wherein the satellite relays communications between the terminal and the gateway system.

14. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 13 , further comprising the gateway system, wherein the gateway system determines the power level feedback and transmits the power level feedback to the satellite.

15. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 11 , wherein the feedback data structure maps the plurality of minimum power level thresholds to a plurality of error correcting code rates.

16. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 15 , wherein:

the feedback data structure comprises a plurality of entries; and

each entry of the plurality of entries maps one of the plurality of types of modulation with one of the plurality of error correcting code rates and one of the plurality of minimum power level thresholds.

17. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of entries of the feedback data structure are ranked according to the plurality of minimum power level thresholds.

18. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 17 , wherein the terminal being configured to determine the type of modulation comprises the terminal being configured to:

determine an error correcting code rate from the plurality of error correcting code rates; and

select an entry from the plurality of entries based on the power level feedback being greater than a first minimum power level threshold of the entry but the power level feedback being less than a second minimum power level threshold of a next higher ranked entry.

19. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 18 , wherein:

the plurality of entries are interspersed such that one type of modulation of the plurality of types of modulation is mapped to a first entry having a higher rank than a second entry mapped to a second type of modulation of the plurality of types of modulation and the one type of modulation is mapped to a third entry having a lower rank than the second entry mapped to the second type of modulation.

20. The system that performs adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications of claim 11 , wherein the terminal is further configured to:

transmit a burst packet header that indicates the type of modulation prior to transmitting data packets to the satellite using the determined type of modulation, wherein:

the burst packet header is transmitted using a fixed modulation and fixed code rate that is unchanging in relation to the determined type of modulation.