Nanosecond pulser bias compensation
A high voltage power system is disclosed. In some embodiments, the high voltage power system includes a high voltage pulsing power supply; a transformer electrically coupled with the high voltage pulsing power supply; an output electrically coupled with the transformer and configured to output high voltage pulses with an amplitude greater than 1 kV and a frequency greater than 1 kHz; and a bias compensation circuit arranged in parallel with the output. In some embodiments, the bias compensation circuit can include a blocking diode; and a DC power supply arranged in series with the blocking diode.
1. A high voltage power system comprising:
a high voltage pulsing power supply;
a transformer electrically coupled with the high voltage pulsing power supply;
an output electrically coupled with the transformer and configured to output high voltage pulses with an amplitude greater than 1 kV and a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz;
a bias compensation circuit arranged in parallel with the output, the bias compensation circuit comprising:
a bias compensation diode; and
a DC power supply arranged in series with the bias compensation diode; and
an electrode disposed within a plasma chamber, the electrode electrically coupled with the output, the electrode electrically coupled with the bias compensation circuit, and the electrode capacitively coupled with a plasma when the plasma is formed within the plasma chamber.
2. The high voltage power system according to claim 1 , further comprising a bias compensation capacitor arranged across at least the DC power supply having a capacitance less than about 10 μF.
3. The high voltage power system according to claim 1 , wherein the high voltage pulsing power supply comprises a nanosecond pulser and a transformer.
4. The high voltage power system according to claim 1 , wherein the high voltage power supply comprises a plurality of switches arranged in series and a transformer.
5. The high voltage power system according to claim 1 , wherein the bias compensation circuit comprises a high voltage switch disposed across the bias compensation diode, wherein the high voltage switch is configured to be open when the high voltage pulsing power supply is pulsing, and wherein the high voltage switch is configured to be closed when the high voltage pulsing power supply is not pulsing.
6. The high voltage power system according to claim 5 , wherein the high voltage switch comprises a plurality of switches arranged in series.
7. The high voltage power system according to claim 5 , further comprising an inductor arranged in series with the high voltage switch having an inductance less than about 1 mH.
8. A high voltage power system comprising:
a high voltage pulsing power supply;
a transformer electrically coupled with the high voltage pulsing power supply;
an output electrically coupled with the transformer and configured to output high voltage pulses with an amplitude greater than 1 kV and a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz; and
a bias compensation circuit arranged in parallel with the output, the bias compensation circuit comprising:
a bias compensation diode; and
a DC power supply arranged in series with the bias compensation diode;
a high voltage switch disposed across the bias compensation diode, wherein the high voltage switch is configured to be open when the high voltage pulsing power supply is pulsing, and wherein the high voltage switch is configured to be closed when the high voltage pulsing power supply is not pulsing; and
an inductor arranged in series with the high voltage switch having an inductance less than about 1 mH.
9. A high voltage power system comprising:
a high voltage pulsing power supply;
an output electrically coupled with the high voltage pulsing power supply and configured to output high voltage pulses with an amplitude greater than 1 kV and a pulse repetition frequency greater than 2 kHz;
a bias compensation diode;
a DC power supply arranged in series with the bias compensation diode, the bias compensation diode and the DC power supply arranged in parallel with the output; and
a high voltage switch coupled across the bias compensation diode, wherein the high voltage switch is configured to turn off when the high voltage switching power supply is pulsing, and the high voltage switch is turned on when the high voltage switching power supply is not pulsing.
10. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , further comprising a bias compensation capacitor arranged across at least the DC power supply.
11. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the bias compensation diode, the DC power supply, and the high voltage switch comprise a bias compensation circuit that is arranged in the high voltage power system across the output.
12. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the output is coupled with an electrode that is capacitively coupled with a plasma.
13. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the high voltage switch is configured to be open when the high voltage pulsing power supply is pulsing, and wherein the high voltage switch is configured to be closed when the high voltage pulsing power supply is not pulsing.
14. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the DC power supply provides −5 kV to +5 kV.
15. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the high voltage switch includes a snubber circuit.
16. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the high voltage switch comprises a plurality of switches arranged in series and having a plurality of voltage sharing resistors such that each voltage sharing resistor of the plurality of voltage sharing resistors is arranged across a corresponding switch of the plurality of switches.
17. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , wherein the bias compensation diode is configured to conduct between 10 A and 1 kA of current at a frequency of between 10 Hz and 10 kHz.
18. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , further comprising a bias capacitor electrically coupled with the high voltage pulsing power supply and the bias compensation diode, the bias capacitor having a value less than about 10 μF.
19. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , further comprising an inductor arranged in series with the high voltage switch having an inductance less than about 1 mH.
20. The high voltage power system according to claim 9 , further comprising a resistor arranged in series with the high voltage switch having a resistance less than about 1,000 mohms.
21. A method comprising:
opening a bias compensation switch that is arranged in series with a DC power supply, the bias compensation switch and the DC power supply being arranged across a load;
pulsing a high voltage power supply with a voltage greater than 1 kV and a pulse repetition frequency greater than 20 kHZ into the load;
closing the bias compensation switch; and
not pulsing the high voltage power supply.
22. The method according to claim 21 , where the load comprises an electrode that is capacitively coupled with a plasma.
23. A high voltage power system comprising:
a high voltage pulsing power supply;
a transformer electrically coupled with the high voltage pulsing power supply;
an output electrically coupled with the transformer and configured to output high voltage pulses with an amplitude greater than 1 kV and a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz;
a bias compensation circuit arranged in parallel with the output, the bias compensation circuit comprising:
a bias compensation diode; and
a DC power supply arranged in series with the bias compensation diode; and
a bias compensation capacitor arranged across at least the DC power supply having a capacitance less than about 10 μF.