Methods for preventing and treating pneumocystis infections
The disclosure relates to methods of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments of a Pneumocystis infection (i.e., an infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii ) in a subject by administering to the subject a compound of any of formulas (I)-(III) (e.g., a salt of Compound 1, or a neutral form thereof). The disclosure also relates to methods of inhibiting the replication of a Pneumocystis spp. The methods of the disclosure can be useful in immunocompromised subjects.
1. A method of treating or reducing the risk of a Pneumocystis infection in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the acetate salt of Compound 1:
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises 150 mg to 800 mg of the acetate salt of Compound 1.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating reduces the cyst burden in the lung of the subject.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating comprises inhibiting the reproduction of a Pneumocystis spp. in the subject.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has Pneumocystis pneumonia.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is immunocompromised.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the subject is HIV positive or has hyper IgM syndrome.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the subject has a CD4 + T-cell count of less than 200 cells/μl of blood.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered concurrently or within 7 days, before and/or after, the subject undergoes an immunosuppression therapy, an anti-TNF therapy, a corticosteroid therapy, a chemotherapy, or a transplantation procedure.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human and the Pneumocystis infection is caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered intravenously.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered subcutaneously.
13. The method of claim 2 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered intravenously.
14. The method of claim 2 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered subcutaneously.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered concurrently with a second antifungal agent.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the second antifungal agent is clindamycin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, cotrimoxazole, atovaquone, pentamidine, primaquine, pyrimethamine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the second antifungal agent is selected from a glucan synthase inhibitor, a polyene compound, an azole compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.