Free-solvent-free lithium sulfonamide salt compositions that are liquid at room temperature, and uses thereof in lithium ion battery
Free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt compositions that are liquid at room temperature, and methods of making free-solvent-free liquid lithium sulfonimide salt compositions. In an embodiment, the methods include mixing one or more lithium sulfonimide salts with one or more ether-based solvents and then removing the free solvent(s) under suitable vacuum, temperature, and time conditions so as to obtain a free-solvent-free liquid lithium sulfonimide salt composition that is liquid at room temperature. In an embodiment, the only solvent molecules that remain in the liquid lithium sulfonimide salt composition are adducted with lithium sulfonimide salt molecules. An example automated processing system for making free-solvent-free liquid lithium sulfonimide salts is also disclosed.
1. A method of synthesizing a free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition, the method comprising:
contacting at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt with at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent under inert conditions to create a solution containing the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt, wherein the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent in the solution comprises a free portion that is not adducted to the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt; and
removing substantially all of the free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent in the solution so that the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition remains, wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition is liquid at room temperature, and the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonamide salt composition contains less than about 0.5% by weight of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt comprises lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI).
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is dimethoxyethane.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a pressure of 100 Torr or less.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a temperature in a range of about −78° C. to about 100° C.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising, while contacting the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt with a minimum amount of at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent, stirring the solution and cooling the solution.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the minimum amount is in a range of about 20% by weight of the solution to about 22% by weight of the solution.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition is an LiFSI composition that is a clear colorless liquid at room temperature.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt comprises lithium fluorosulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiFTFSI).
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is dimethoxyethane.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a pressure of 100 Torr or less.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a temperature in a range of about −78° C. to about 100° C.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, while contacting the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt with a minimum amount of at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent, stirring the solution and cooling the solution.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition is an LiFTFSI composition that is a clear colorless liquid at room temperature.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTF SI).
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent consists essentially of diethoxyethane.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a pressure of 100 Torr or less.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a temperature in a range of about −78° C. to about 100° C.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition is an LiTFSI composition that is a clear colorless liquid at room temperature.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethoxyethane, ethoxymethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, dimethoxymethane, diethoxymethane, ethoxymethoxymethane, dioxane, and crown ethers.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein each of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent has a water content of about 2,000 parts-per-million or less.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt is from the group consisting of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and lithium fluorosulfonyl-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiFTFSI).
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein removing substantially all of a free portion of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent is performed at a pressure of about 1 Torr or less.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein removing solvent is performed at a temperature in a range of about −78° C. to about 100° C.
25. The method of claim 24 , further comprising, while contacting the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt with a minimum amount of at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent, stirring the solution and cooling the solution.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition is a clear colorless liquid at room temperature.
27. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt with the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent includes contacting the at least one anhydrous lithium sulfonimide salt with only a minimum amount of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent needed to create the solution.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the minimum amount is in a range of about 20% by weight of the solution to about 22% by weight of the solution.
29. The method of claim 1 , wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition contains less than about 0.1% of the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent.
30. The method of claim 1 , wherein the free-solvent-free lithium sulfonimide salt composition consists essentially of an adduct of the at least one lithium sulfonimide salt and the at least one anhydrous ether-based solvent.