Indirect homogeneous mobility shift assays for the detection of biologics in patient samples
The present invention provides a sensitive and specific indirect homogeneous mobility shift assay using size exclusion chromatography to measure biologics such as vedolizumab and ustekinumab in a patient sample. The assays of the present invention are particularly advantageous for detecting the presence or level of biologics that target complex or large antigens including cell surface proteins, transmembrane proteins, heavily glycosylated proteins, and multimeric proteins, as well as antigens that cannot be purified, impure antigens, and partially or substantially purified antigens. The present invention also provides isolated soluble α4β7 integrin heterodimers and isolated soluble IL-12p40 monomers that are suitable for use in the indirect assays described herein.
1. A detection method, comprising:
(a) providing a sample from a subject that has been administered a first biologic, wherein the sample comprises the first biologic;
(b) contacting the sample with a polypeptide, wherein the polypeptide is unlabeled, isolated, and soluble;
(c) contacting the polypeptide in vitro with a second biologic;
(d) indirectly detecting binding of the polypeptide to the first biologic in the sample by measuring a form of the second biologic in (c), wherein the binding of the polypeptide to the second biologic in the sample that is detected determines a presence or an amount of the first biologic in the sample; and
(e) detecting a presence or an amount of an autoantibody to the first biologic in the sample.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second biologic used to contact the polypeptide in vitro comprises a label.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the label comprises a fluorophore.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising comparing the form of the second biologic used to contact the polypeptide in vitro to a known amount of the second biologic.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is serum.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises an antigen, wherein the antigen comprises a soluble fragment of a cell surface molecule.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises an antigen, wherein the antigen comprises:
(i) an α4 integrin polypeptide;
(ii) a β7 integrin polypeptide; or
(iii) an α4β7 polypeptide, wherein the α4β7 polypeptide comprises the α4 integrin polypeptide and the β7 integrin polypeptide.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the α4 integrin polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 80% identity to SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:3, and the β7 integrin polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 80% identity to SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 4.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the α4 integrin polypeptide comprises an ACID peptide.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the β7 integrin polypeptide comprises a BASE peptide.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the α4 integrin polypeptide or the β7 integrin polypeptide comprises a linker.
12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the α4 integrin polypeptide or the β7 integrin polypeptide comprises an affinity tag.
13. The method of claim 7 , wherein the α4 integrin polypeptide or the β7 integrin polypeptide comprises a protease cleavage site.
14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first biologic and the second biologic are vedolizumab.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises an antigen, wherein the antigen comprises a p40 subunit of IL-12 or IL-23.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the p40 subunit comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 80% identity to SEQ ID NO: 6, 7, 11, 12, or 13.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the antigen further comprises an affinity tag.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the first biologic and the second biologic are ustekinumab.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first biologic and the second biologic are the same type of biologic.