Eye tracking for pupil steering in head-mounted displays using eye tracking sensors
A method for providing augmented reality contents to a wearer using a head-mounted display device that includes an eye tracking sensor, a light projector, a beam steerer, and a combiner includes determining, with the eye tracking sensor, a position of a pupil of an eye of the wearer. The method also includes projecting, with the light projector, light for rendering images based at least on the augmented reality contents, and changing, with the beam steerer, a direction of the light from the light projector based on the position of the pupil. The light from the beam steerer is directed toward the combiner and the light from the beam steerer and light from an outside of the head-mounted display device are combined, by the combiner, to provide an overlap of a rendered image and a real image that corresponds to the light from the outside of the head-mounted display device.
1. A head-mounted display device for providing augmented reality contents to a wearer, the device comprising:
an eye tracking sensor configured to determine a position of a pupil of an eye of the wearer;
a light projector configured to project light for rendering images based at least on the augmented reality contents;
a beam steerer configured to change a direction of the light from the light projector based on the position of the pupil; and
a combiner configured to combine the light from the light projector and light from an outside of the head-mounted display device for providing an overlap of the rendered image and a real image that corresponds to the light from the outside of the head-mounted display device, wherein:
the eye tracking sensor includes:
a light source configured to provide eye tracking light toward the eye; and
a detector configured to receive the eye tracking light that has been reflected from the eye;
the device is configured to determine distance information from the eye tracking sensor to the eye based on timing information represented by the eye tracking light from the light source and the received eye tracking light; and
the device is configured to determine the position of the pupil of the eye of the wearer based on the distance information.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein:
determining, with the eye tracking sensor, the position of the pupil of the eye of the wearer includes determining a location of an iris of the eye.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein:
the device is configured to determine the timing information based on a first time that corresponds to a time when the eye tracking light is provided from the light source toward the eye and a second time that corresponds to a time when the eye tracking light, reflected from the eye, is detected by the detector.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein:
the eye tracking sensor includes an avalanche photodiode configured to determine the second time.
5. A head-mounted display device for providing augmented reality contents to a wearer, the device comprising:
an eye tracking sensor configured to determine a position of a pupil of an eye of the wearer;
a light projector configured to project light for rendering images based at least on the augmented reality contents;
a beam steerer configured to change a direction of the light from the light projector based on the position of the pupil; and
a combiner configured to combine the light from the light projector and light from an outside of the head-mounted display device for providing an overlap of the rendered image and a real image that corresponds to the light from the outside of the head-mounted display device, wherein:
the eye tracking sensor includes:
a light source configured to provide eye tracking light toward the eye; and
a detector configured to receive the eye tracking light that has been reflected from the eye; and
the device is configured to determine the position of the pupil of the eye of the wearer based on phase information represented by the eye tracking light from the light source and the eye tracking light reflected from the eye.
6. The device of claim 5 , wherein:
determining the phase information represented by the eye tracking light from the light source and the eye tracking light reflected from the eye includes determining a phase difference between the eye tracking light from the light source and the eye tracking light reflected from the eye.
7. A head-mounted display device for providing augmented reality contents to a wearer, the device comprising:
an eye tracking sensor configured to determine a position of a pupil of an eye of the wearer;
a light projector configured to project light for rendering images based at least on the augmented reality contents;
a beam steerer configured to change a direction of the light from the light projector based on the position of the pupil; and
a combiner configured to combine the light from the light projector and light from an outside of the head-mounted display device for providing an overlap of the rendered image and a real image that corresponds to the light from the outside of the head-mounted display device, wherein the eye tracking sensor includes an avalanche photodiode.
8. A head-mounted display device for providing augmented reality contents to a wearer, the device comprising:
an eye tracking sensor configured to determine a position of a pupil of an eye of the wearer;
a light projector configured to project light for rendering images based at least on the augmented reality contents;
a beam steerer configured to change a direction of the light from the light projector based on the position of the pupil; and
a combiner configured to combine the light from the light projector and light from an outside of the head-mounted display device for providing an overlap of the rendered image and a real image that corresponds to the light from the outside of the head-mounted display device, wherein:
the eye tracking sensor includes:
a light source configured to provide an eye tracking light toward the eye; and
a detector configured to receive the eye tracking light that has been reflected from the eye; and
the device is configured to determine the position of the pupil of the eye of the wearer based on a polarization difference between the eye tracking light from the light source and the eye tracking light that has been reflected from the eye.
9. The device of claim 8 , including:
one or more polarizing elements configured for transmitting the eye tracking light that has been reflected from the eye, wherein the eye tracking light provided toward the eye is polarized.
10. The device of claim 9 , including:
one or more polarizing elements configured for transmitting the eye tracking light from the light source.