Efficient real time vehicular traffic reporting and sharing over NB-IoT using D2D
In one aspect, an exemplary method for sharing traffic data among a plurality of vehicles includes: a first vehicle receiving current traffic data from at least a second vehicle over a first network protocol; the first vehicle transmitting current traffic data from the first vehicle and the current traffic data received from at least the second vehicle to a roadside unit over a second network protocol; the first vehicle receiving processed traffic data from the roadside unit over the second network protocol, the processed traffic data being based on the current traffic data received from the first vehicle and from at least the second vehicle; and the first vehicle transmitting the processed traffic data received from the roadside unit to at least the second vehicle over the first network protocol.
1. A method for sharing traffic data among a plurality of vehicles, comprising:
a first vehicle receiving current traffic data from at least a second vehicle over a device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol, the current traffic data received from the second vehicle including speed of the second vehicle;
the first vehicle transmitting current traffic data from the first vehicle, including speed of the first vehicle, and the current traffic data received from at least the second vehicle to a roadside unit over a narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol;
the first vehicle receiving processed traffic data, including average speed of the at least first and second vehicles, from the roadside unit over the narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol, the processed traffic data being based on the current traffic data received from the first vehicle and from at least the second vehicle; and
the first vehicle transmitting the processed traffic data, including average speed of the at least first and second vehicles, received from the roadside unit to at least the second vehicle over the device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second vehicle does not communicate with the roadside unit other than via the first vehicle.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roadside unit comprises a cellular tower.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roadside unit comprises an eNodeB coupled to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), and wherein the traffic data received by the roadside unit from at least the first vehicle is processed by the EPC.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the EPC comprises a CIoT serving gateway node (C-SGN) coupled to a service capability exposure function (SCEF).
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the C-SGN comprises a mobility management entity (MME) and a serving gateway (SGW), wherein the SCEF is coupled to the MME, and wherein the EPC further comprises a packet traffic data network gateway (PGW) coupled to the SGW.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first vehicle is a synchronization source, and wherein the at least second vehicle synchronizes to the first vehicle upon detecting a synchronization broadcast signal transmitted by the first vehicle.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the synchronization broadcast signal comprises a sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) with one or more pre-configured parameters.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the one or more pre-configured parameters comprise a universal group identifier and multicast addresses.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein upon the second vehicle detecting a failure of the first vehicle as the synchronization source, the second vehicle becomes the synchronization source and transmits the synchronization broadcast signal.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the second vehicle receives current traffic data from at least a third vehicle over the device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol, the current traffic data received from the third vehicle including speed of the third vehicle;
the second vehicle transmits current traffic data from the second vehicle and the current traffic data received from the third vehicle to the first vehicle over the first network device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol;
the first vehicle transmits the current traffic data from the first vehicle, the current traffic data from the second vehicle, and the current traffic data from the third vehicle to the roadside unit over the narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol;
the processed traffic data received by the first vehicle from the roadside unit over the second network protocol is based on the current traffic data from the first vehicle, the current traffic data from the second vehicle, and the current traffic data from the third vehicle, and includes average speed of the first, second, and third vehicles; and
the second vehicle transmits the processed traffic data received from the first vehicle to at least the third vehicle over the device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the third vehicle does not communicate with the first vehicle other than via the second vehicle.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second vehicle transmits the current traffic data received from the third vehicle to the first vehicle only if the second vehicle determines that the current traffic data from the third vehicle satisfies an accuracy criterion based on at least one of time and distance.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
calculating the speed of the first vehicle on board the first vehicle based on a number of first vehicle wheel rotations per unit time; and
calculating the speed of the second vehicle on board the second vehicle based on a number of second vehicle wheel rotations per unit time.
15. An apparatus implemented within a first vehicle comprising:
a memory; and
at least one processor coupled to the memory, the processor being operative:
to receive current traffic data from at least a second vehicle over a device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol, the current traffic data received from the second vehicle including speed of the second vehicle;
to transmit current traffic data from the first vehicle, including speed of the first vehicle, and the current traffic data received from at least the second vehicle to a roadside unit over a narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol;
to receive processed traffic data, including average speed of the at least first and second vehicles, from the roadside unit over the narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol, the processed traffic data being based on the current traffic data received from the first vehicle and from at least the second vehicle; and
to transmit the processed traffic data, including average speed of the at least first and second vehicles, received from the roadside unit, to at least the second vehicle over the device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol.
16. A computer program product usable within a first vehicle, the computer program comprising a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having machine-readable program code embodied therewith, said machine-readable program code comprising machine-readable program code configured:
to receive current traffic data from at least a second vehicle over a device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol, the current traffic data received from the second vehicle including speed of the second vehicle;
to transmit current traffic data from the first vehicle, including speed of the first vehicle, and the current traffic data received from at least the second vehicle to a roadside unit over a narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol;
to receive processed traffic data, including average speed of the at least first and second vehicles, from the roadside unit over the narrowband Internet-of-Things (NBIoT) protocol, the processed traffic data being based on the current traffic data received from the first vehicle and from at least the second vehicle; and
to transmit the processed traffic data, including average speed of the at least first and second vehicles, received from the roadside unit to at least the second vehicle over the device-to-device (D2D) discovery protocol.