Bee feeder having labyrinthine passages

1. A labyrinthine bee feeding apparatus comprising:

a housing comprising:

at least one entrance connected to one or more passageways each having at least one bend, wherein each of the at least one bend is configured to allow passage of a bee therethrough and to inhibit passage of a yellow jacket, wasp, or hornet; and

at least one feed dispensing area within the housing, located at a terminus of each of the one or more passageways; and

a one-way port leading from the at least one feed dispensing area to exterior of the housing;

wherein the one-way port is configured to allow a bee to exit the at least one feed dispensing area and housing and to inhibit reentry of the bee and/or to prevent entry of a yellow jacket, wasp, or hornet; and

wherein the apparatus is configured to receive and secure a removable feeding vessel in fluid communication with the at least one feed dispensing area.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises:

a cover member positioned over the housing that is configured to receive and secure the removable feeding vessel and fluidly communicate with the at least one feeding dispensing area.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the housing and/or cover member further comprise:

one or more communication devices comprising:

wireless internet receivers/transmitters;

one or more monitoring and/or attracting devices selected from:

internal or external video cameras,

electric eye counter mechanisms,

pollen sensors,

internal or external light sources,

sonic emitting devices,

fragrance emitting devices, or

combinations thereof; and

one or more power sources selected from:

batteries,

rechargeable batteries, or

solar panels;

wherein the one or more power sources is configured to provide power to the one or more communication devices and the one or more monitoring and/or attracting devices.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising:

a removable feeding vessel which contains a bee feeding medium.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the bee feeding medium comprises: water, honey, sugar, high fructose corn syrup, bee candy, nectar, pollen, pollen patties, grease patties, bee bread, propolis, bees wax, protein supplements, or combinations thereof.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the bee feeding medium comprises one or more mushroom mycelium extracts.

7. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the bee feeding medium is configured to:

benefit bees by treating infections of or reducing the susceptibility to viruses, fungal pathogens, bacterial pathogens, beetles, or mites;

reduce viral transmission from bees to plants;

increase the ability of bees to spread pollen;

increase the flight time of bees;

increase the immunity of bees;

increase the brood rearing of bees;

increase the ability of bees to reproduce;

increase the ability of bees to detoxify harmful anthropogenic substances; or

a combination thereof.

8. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the bee feeding medium comprises:

one or more mushroom mycelium extracts;

one or more of water, honey, sugar, high fructose corn syrup, bee candy, nectar, pollen, pollen patties, grease patties, bee bread, propolis, bees wax, protein supplements, or combinations thereof; and

one or more preservatives.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the one or more mushroom mycelium extracts comprises about 1% or less by volume of one or more aqueous ethanolic extracts of the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma resinaceum, Fomes fomentarius, Trametes versicolor, Fomitopsis officinalis, Ganoderma applanatum, Inonotus obliquus , or combinations thereof.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more passageways comprises at least one about 10° to about 90° bend.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more passageways comprises: at least one about 30° to about 90° bend, at least one about 45° to about 90° bend, at least one about 60° to about 90° bend, at least one about 80° to about 90° bend, or at least one about 90° bend.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more passageways comprises at least one about 90° bend.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more passageways comprises 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 about 90° bends.

14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more passageways comprises 5 about 90° bends.

15. A labyrinthine bee feeding apparatus comprising:

a housing comprising:

at least one entrance connected to one or more passageways each having at least one bend, wherein each of the at least one bend is configured to allow passage of a bee therethrough and to inhibit passage of a yellow jacket, wasp, or hornet; and

at least one feed dispensing area within the housing, located at a terminus of each of the one or more passageways;

a one-way port leading from the at least one feed dispensing area to an exterior of the housing that is configured to allow a bee to exit the at least one feed dispensing area and to inhibit reentry of the bee and/or to prevent entry of a yellow jacket, wasp, or hornet; and

a cover member positioned over the housing that is configured to receive and secure a removable feeding vessel in fluid communication with the at least one feed dispensing area;

wherein the housing and/or cover member further comprise:

one or more communication devices comprising:

wireless internet receivers/transmitters;

one or more monitoring and/or attracting devices selected from:

internal or external video cameras,

electric eye counter mechanisms,

pollen sensors,

internal or external light sources,

sonic emitting devices,

fragrance emitting devices, or

combinations thereof;

wherein the monitoring devices are configured to monitor the number of bee visits to the bee feeding apparatus; and

one or more power sources selected from:

batteries,

rechargeable batteries, or

solar panels;

wherein the one or more power sources is configured to provide power to the one or more communication devices and the one or more monitoring and/or attracting devices.

16. A method for monitoring bee visits to the labyrinthine bee feeding apparatus (LBF) of claim 15 , comprising:

counting bee visits to the LBF utilizing the one or more monitoring devices; and

transmitting the bee visit data via the one or more communication devices.