Custom surgical devices and method for manufacturing the same
The present disclosure relates generally to custom medical devices and additive manufacturing (3D printing) processes for producing the same. Using certain materials and novel fabrication techniques, the present systems and methods can directly print nearly any size or shape medical device or instrument. For example, in certain embodiments, the present systems and methods leverage stereolithography (“SLA”) and photo-curable polymers to produce custom, radiopaque medical devices and instruments.
1. A method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices comprising:
normalizing a quantity of barium sulfate particles, wherein normalizing comprises milling and sieving the quantity of barium sulfate particles;
mixing a substantially homogenous photo-curable mixture comprising approximately 1-10% weight percent of the normalized barium sulfate particles and approximately 90-99% weight percent of a photo-curable resin, wherein:
the photo-curable mixture has a higher viscosity than the photo-curable resin;
the photo-curable resin comprises a pre-cure ultimate tensile strength between about 12.0-32.0 MPa; and
the photo-curable resin comprises a pre-cure heat deflection temperature less than or equal to about 35 degrees Celsius;
3D printing the photo-curable mixture in a particular shape by:
mixing the photo-curable mixture via a wiper arm; and
printing the photo-curable mixture in the particular shape;
curing the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture in the particular shape by heating the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture and bathing the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture in light to create a radiopaque device comprising a first ultimate bending strength and a first bending yield strength; and
autoclaving the radiopaque device, wherein:
the autoclaved, radiopaque device comprises:
a second ultimate bending strength and a second bending yield strength;
an ultimate tensile strength between about 26-32 MPa; and
a tensile yield strength between about 16-25 MPa;
the second ultimate bending strength is greater than the first ultimate bending strength; and
the second bending yield strength is greater than the first bending yield strength.
2. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 1 , wherein:
the second ultimate bending strength is about 4-10% greater than the first ultimate bending strength; and
the second bending yield strength is about 5-9% greater than the first bending yield strength.
3. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 1 , wherein curing the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture comprises:
heating the radiopaque 3D-printed photo-curable mixture to about 60 degrees Celsius; and
bathing the radiopaque 3D-printed photo-curable mixture in about 405 nm light.
4. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 3 , wherein autoclaving the radiopaque device comprises steam autoclaving the radiopaque device at a temperature of about 132 degrees Celsius.
5. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 4 , wherein the substantially homogenous photo-curable mixture is mixed in a mixer with sharp blades.
6. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 5 , wherein the photo-curable mixture is printed via a stereolithography 3D-printer.
7. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 6 , wherein the autoclaved, radiopaque device is viewable via at least one radiative imaging technique.
8. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 7 , wherein the radiopaque device comprises a drain port.
9. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 8 , wherein the drain port is integrally formed within the radiopaque device.
10. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 9 , wherein the drain port comprises:
a generally cylindrical cross-section; and
at least one bend.
11. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 10 , wherein the drain port comprises one or more threads.
12. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 8 , further comprising draining uncured photo-curable mixture from the radiopaque device via the drain port.
13. A method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices comprising:
mixing a substantially homogenous photo-curable mixture comprising approximately 1-10% weight percent of the radiographic contrast agent particles and approximately 90-99% weight percent of a photo-curable resin, wherein:
the photo-curable mixture has a higher viscosity than the photo-curable resin;
the photo-curable resin comprises a pre-cure ultimate tensile strength between about 12.0-32.0 MPa; and
the photo-curable resin comprises a pre-cure heat deflection temperature less than or equal to about 35 degrees Celsius;
3D printing the photo-curable mixture in a particular shape;
curing the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture in the particular shape by heating the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture and bathing the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture in light to create a radiopaque device comprising a first ultimate bending strength and a first bending yield strength; and
autoclaving the radiopaque device, wherein:
the autoclaved, radiopaque device comprises:
a second ultimate bending strength and a second bending yield strength;
an ultimate tensile strength between about 26-32 MPa; and
a tensile yield strength between about 16-25 MPa;
the second ultimate bending strength is greater than the first ultimate bending strength; and
the second bending yield strength is greater than the first bending yield strength.
14. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 13 , wherein curing the 3D-printed photo-curable mixture comprises:
heating the radiopaque 3D-printed photo-curable mixture to about 60 degrees Celsius; and
bathing the radiopaque 3D-printed photo-curable mixture in about 405 nm light.
15. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 14 , wherein autoclaving the radiopaque device comprises steam autoclaving the radiopaque device at a temperature of about 132 degrees Celsius.
16. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 15 , wherein the substantially homogenous photo-curable mixture is mixed in a mixer with sharp blades.
17. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 16 , wherein the photo-curable mixture is printed via a stereolithography 3D-printer.
18. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 17 , wherein the autoclaved, radiopaque device is viewable via at least one radiative imaging technique.
19. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 18 , wherein the radiopaque device comprises a drain port.
20. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 19 , wherein the drain port is integrally formed within the radiopaque device.
21. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 20 , wherein the drain port comprises:
a generally cylindrical cross-section; and
at least one bend.
22. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 21 , wherein the drain port comprises one or more threads.
23. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 21 , further comprising draining uncured photo-curable mixture from the radiopaque device via the drain port.
24. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 13 , further comprising normalizing a quantity of radiographic contrast agent particles, wherein normalizing comprises milling and sieving the quantity of radiographic contrast agent particles.
25. The method for producing disposable, radiopaque devices of claim 13 , wherein the radiographic contrast agent particles comprise barium sulfate particles.