BATTERY CONTROL SYSTEMS

Various embodiments herein provide methods and apparatus for conditioning a battery. The conditioning may be undertaken to restore charge capacity or power capability, especially when practiced on a battery having a lithium negative electrode and/or a positive electrode having a conversion material. In one embodiment, the conditioning method includes applying a substantially constant current or power until a conditioning voltage is reached, where the conditioning voltage is higher than the maximum voltage used during normal cycling. The method further includes continuing to charge the battery at the conditioning voltage until a maximum conditioning charge is reached. Next, the method includes discharging the battery to about the maximum charge voltage prior to using the battery in an end use. Also provided is a conditioning apparatus that is configured to perform the conditioning method.