Method for treating cancer
This document provides methods and materials involved in assessing samples (e.g., cancer cells) for the presence of a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) signature. For example, methods and materials for determining whether or not a cell (e.g., a cancer cell) contains an LOH signature are provided. Materials and methods for identifying cells (e.g., cancer cells) having a deficiency in homology directed repair (HDR) as well as materials and methods for identifying cancer patients likely to respond to a particular cancer treatment regimen also are provided.
1. A method of treating cancer, comprising:
predicting a cancer patient's response to a cancer treatment regimen comprising a DNA damaging agent, an anthracycline, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, radiation, and/or a PARP inhibitor, wherein predicting the cancer patient's response to the cancer treatment regimen comprises:
determining, in genomic DNA derived from a cancer cell obtained from the patient, the total number of LOH regions in at least one pair of human chromosomes of said DNA that are longer than a first length but shorter than the length of the whole chromosome containing the LOH region, wherein said at least one pair of human chromosomes is not a human X/Y sex chromosome pair, wherein said first length is about 1.5 or more megabases and wherein the cancer cell is selected from the group consisting of breast cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells, leukemia cancer cells, esophageal cancer cells, lung cancer cells, and prostate cancer cells;
correlating said total number of LOH regions that is greater than a reference number that is at least 6 with an increased likelihood that said cancer patient will respond to said cancer treatment regimen; and
based on the correlating of said total number of LOH regions with an increased likelihood that said cancer patient will respond to said cancer treatment regimen, administering to the cancer patient a treatment regimen comprising a DNA damaging agent, an anthracycline, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, radiation, and/or a PARP inhibitor.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said LOH regions are determined in at least ten pairs of human chromosomes.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said total number of LOH regions.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first length is about 6 or more megabases.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said reference number is at least 8.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said at least one pair of human chromosomes is not human chromosome 17.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said DNA damaging agent is cisplatin, carboplatin, oxalaplatin, or picoplatin, said anthracycline is epirubicin or doxorubicin, said topoisomerase I inhibitor is campothecin, topotecan, or irinotecan, or said PARP inhibitor is iniparib, olaparib or veliparib.
8. A method of treating cancer, comprising:
predicting a cancer patient's response to a treatment regimen including paclitaxel or docetaxel, wherein predicting the cancer patient's response to a treatment regimen comprises:
determining, in genomic DNA derived from a cancer cell obtained from the patient, the total number of LOH regions in at least one pair of human chromosomes of said DNA that are longer than a first length but shorter than the length of the whole chromosome containing the LOH region, wherein said at least one pair of human chromosomes is not a human X/Y sex chromosome pair, wherein said first length is about 1.5 or more megabases, wherein the cancer cell is selected from the group consisting of breast cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells, leukemia cancer cells, esophageal cancer cells, lung cancer cells, and prostate cancer cells;
correlating said total number of LOH regions that is greater than a reference number that is at least 6 with an increased likelihood that said cancer patient will not respond to a treatment regimen including paclitaxel or docetaxel; and
based on the correlating of said total number of LOH regions with an increased likelihood that said cancer patient will respond to said cancer treatment regimen, administering to the patient a treatment regimen including a DNA damaging agent, an anthracycline, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, radiation, and/or a PARP inhibitor.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said LOH regions are determined in at least ten pairs of human chromosomes.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein said total number of LOH regions is 9 or more.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein said first length is 6 or more megabases.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein said reference number is at least 8.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein said at least one pair of human chromosomes is not human chromosome 17.