ECAE processing for high strength and high hardness aluminum alloys
A method of forming a high strength aluminum alloy is disclosed. The method includes solutionizing to a temperature ranging from about 5° C. above a standard solutionizing temperature to about 5° C. below an incipient melting temperature for the aluminum material to form a heated aluminum material, which is then quenched. The aluminum material includes at least one of magnesium and silicon as a secondary component at a concentration of at least 0.2% by weight. The cooled aluminum material is subjected to ECAE processing using one of isothermal conditions and non-isothermal conditions. Isothermal conditions include having a billet and a die at the same temperature from about 80° C. to about 200° C. Non-isothermal conditions include having a billet at a temperature from about 80° C. to about 200° C. and a die at a temperature of at most 100° C. The aluminum material is than aged at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 175° C.
1. A method of forming an aluminum alloy, the method comprising:
solutionizing an aluminum material, the aluminum material including aluminum as a primary component and at least one of magnesium and silicon as a secondary component at a concentration of at least 0.2% by weight, to a temperature ranging from about 530° C. to about 560° C. to form a heated aluminum material;
quenching the heated aluminum material rapidly in water to room temperature to form a cooled aluminum material;
subjecting the cooled aluminum material to an equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process using
non-isothermal conditions wherein a billet has a temperature from about 80° C. to about 150° C., and a die has a temperature of at most 100° C. and the die is at a lower temperature than the billet; and
aging the aluminum alloy at a temperature from about 120° C. to about 160° C. for a time from 1 to 10 hours to form an aluminum alloy having a second yield strength, wherein the second yield strength is greater than the first yield strength.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum material is a precipitation hardened aluminum alloy.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum material is an aluminum alloy 6xxx.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the aluminum alloy 6xxx is chosen from AA6061 and AA6063.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solutionizing temperature is about 560° C.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the billet is heated to a temperature from about 105° C. to about 175° C. and the die is at a temperature of at most 80° C.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the billet is heated to a temperature of about 140° C. and the die is at about room temperature.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the aluminum alloy to a thermo-mechanical process chosen from at least one of rolling, extrusion, and forging prior to the step of aging.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the aluminum alloy to a thermo-mechanical process chosen from at least one of rolling, extrusion, and forging after the step of aging.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of subjecting the cooled aluminum material to the ECAE process includes at least two ECAE passes.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second yield strength of the aluminum alloy after the step of aging is at least 250 MPa.
12. The method of claim 1 , the step of aging at a temperature of about 140° C. for a time of about 4 hours.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum material is aluminum alloy A16063.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein after aging the aluminum alloy has a Brinell hardness of at least 90 BHN, a yield strength of at least 250 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of at least 275 MPa; and a percent elongation of at least 11.5%.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aging temperature is from about 130° C. to about 160° C.