Polysaccharide purification for vaccine production using lytic enzymes, tangential flow filtration, and multimode chromatography
An improved, cost effective and shortened process of purification of the capsular polysaccharide of S. pneumoniae , Group B Streptococcus, H. influenzae, S. typhoid and N. meningitidis is disclosed. The process includes a cocktail of enzyme treatment, tangential flow filtration, and multimodal chromatography purification. For Gram-negative bacteria, endotoxin removal process involves endotrap HD resin. This shortened process achieved the purity required by WHO/EP/BP for the use in human vaccine preparation, with simple steps and higher yield as compared to conventional processes. The steps of the process avoid use of organic solvents such as, for example, alcohol, phenol, and ultracentrifugation that are otherwise expensive and time consuming to perform, and/or health hazards for commercial use. This process disclosed is also simple, efficient, non-toxic, easy to scale-up, and environmentally friendly.
1. A polysaccharide composition obtained or derived from Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, which has been treated with deoxycholate at a pH of about 3.5 to about 7.0, and an antimicrobial enzyme, wherein after being treated the composition contains 0.35 percent or less of nucleic acid and 0.85 percent or less of protein.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial enzyme comprises Benzonase, Mutanolysin/lysozyme, β-D-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and/or Proteinase K.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the antimicrobial enzyme comprises sequential treatment of the polysaccharide with Benzonase followed by Mutanolysin/Lysozyme (1:1), followed by β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase, followed by Proteinase K.
4. The composition of claim 1 , which has been precipitated with an acid, and purified by passage through multimodal chromatography.
5. The polysaccharide of claim 1 , which has been passed through an endotoxin removal resin.
6. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the multimodal chromatography comprises tangential flow filtration or ion-exchange followed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography.
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the tangential flow filtration comprises deoxycholate/EDTA/Ca-salt buffer and/or passage through a 50-100 kDa membrane.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprise Gram-negative bacteria.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprise S. pneumoniae , Group B Streptococcus, H. influenzae, S. typhimurium and/or N. meningitis.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprise S. pneumoniae.
11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the S. pneumoniae comprising one or more of serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 6C, 7F, 8, 9V, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15A, 15B, 15C, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, 24, 24F, 33F and 35B.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprises Group B Streptococcus.
13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the Group B Streptococcus comprising one or more of serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX.
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprise H. influenza.
15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the H. influenza comprises one or more of serotypes a, b, c, d, e and f.
16. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprise S. typhi.
17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the S. typhi comprising Vi-polysaccharide.
18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bacteria comprise N. meningitis.
19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the N. meningitis comprises one or more serotypes A, B, C, X, Y, and W-135.
20. The composition of claim 1 , which comprises a bacterial cell surface polysaccharide.
21. The composition of claim 20 , wherein the bacterial cell surface polysaccharide comprises capsular polysaccharide and/or exopolysaccharide.
22. An immunological composition that contains the polysaccharide of claim 1 .
23. The immunological composition of claim 22 , further comprising an adjuvant.
24. The immunological composition of claim 22 , that does not comprise an adjuvant.
25. An immunological composition that contains the composition of claim 10 .
26. An immunological composition that contains the composition of claim 12 .
27. An immunological composition that contains the composition of claim 14 .
28. An immunological composition that contains the composition of claim 16 .
29. An immunological composition that contains the composition of claim 18 .
30. A polysaccharide composition obtained or derived from Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, which has been treated with deoxycholate at a pH of about 3.5 to about 6.5, and an antimicrobial enzyme, wherein the antimicrobial enzyme comprises a sequential treatment of Benzonase, Mutanolysin/lysozyme, β-D-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and Proteinase K, and after being treated the composition contains 0.35 percent or less of nucleic acid and 0.85 percent or less of protein.
31. The composition of claim 1 , which has an endotoxin level of about 5 EU or less per μg of polysaccharide.
32. The composition of claim 1 , which has an endotoxin level of about 1 EU per μg of polysaccharide.
33. The composition of claim 30 , which has an endotoxin level of about 5 EU or less per μg of polysaccharide.
34. The composition of claim 30 , which has an endotoxin level of about 1 EU per μg of polysaccharide.