Nucleic acid amplification
Methods and compositions for the amplification of nucleic acids and generation of concatemers are disclosed. Amplification methods provided herein may be performed under isothermal conditions. Methods and compositions may include reagents such as nucleic acid polymerases and primers.
1. A reaction mixture comprising:
a polynucleotide template, a first primer, and a second primer, wherein:
the polynucleotide template comprises a first portion, a second portion and a third portion, wherein the third portion is situated in the polynucleotide template between the first portion and the second portion;
the first primer comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a 5′ end of the primer, the second region comprises a 3′ end of the primer, and the second region is complementary to the first portion of the polynucleotide template;
the second primer comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a 5′ end of the primer, the second region comprises a 3′ end of the primer, and the second region is complementary to a sequence which is complementary to the second portion of the polynucleotide template;
the first region of the first primer is complementary to the first region of the second primer; and
the first region of the second primer is complementary to the third portion of the polynucleotide template.
2. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture further comprises a DNA polymerase having strand-displacement activity.
3. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture further comprises a reverse transcriptase.
4. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture further comprises a nucleic acid dye.
5. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture further comprises nucleotides and buffer.
6. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the polynucleotide template is a DNA strand.
7. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the polynucleotide template is an RNA strand.
8. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the polynucleotide template is part of a duplex DNA molecule.
9. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the first portion and second portion of the polynucleotide template are each between 6 and 30 nucleotides in length.
10. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the third portion of the polynucleotide template is between 4 and 14 nucleotides in length.
11. A kit for the amplification of a polynucleotide template, the kit comprising:
a first primer and a second primer, wherein:
the first primer comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a 5′ end of the primer, the second region comprises a 3′ end of the primer, and the second region is complementary to a first portion of the polynucleotide template;
the second primer comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a 5′ end of the primer, the second region comprises a 3′ end of the primer, and the second region is complementary to a sequence which is complementary to a second portion of the polynucleotide template;
the first region of the first primer is complementary to the first region of the second primer; and
the first region of the second primer is complementary to a third portion of the polynucleotide template, wherein the third portion is situated in the polynucleotide template between the first portion and the second portion.
12. The kit of claim 11 , further comprising:
a third primer, and a fourth primer, wherein:
the third primer comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a 5′ end of the primer, the second region comprises a 3′ end of the primer, and the second region is complementary to the first portion of the polynucleotide template;
the fourth primer comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a 5′ end of the primer, the second region comprises a 3′ end of the primer, and the second region is complementary to a sequence which is complementary to a second portion of the polynucleotide template;
the first region of the third primer is complementary to the first region of the fourth primer; and
the nucleotide sequence of the first region of the first primer differs from the nucleotide sequence of first region of the third primer by a single nucleotide.
13. The kit of claim 12 , wherein the first region of the fourth primer is complementary to a third portion of the polynucleotide template, wherein the third portion is situated in the polynucleotide template between the first portion and the second portion.
14. The kit of claim 11 , wherein the polynucleotide template is a DNA strand.
15. The kit of claim 11 , wherein the polynucleotide template is an RNA strand.
16. The kit of claim 11 , wherein the first portion and second portion of the polynucleotide template are each between 6 and 30 nucleotides in length.
17. The kit of claim 12 , wherein the third portion of the polynucleotide template is between 4 and 14 nucleotides in length.
18. The kit of claim 11 , wherein the number of copies of the polynucleotide template in the reaction mixture is increased at least 10-fold within 60 minutes of initiation of the method.
19. The kit of claim 18 , wherein the reaction mixture is incubated without thermocycling.