Bias power regulator circuit for isolated converters with a wide output voltage range
A system includes an isolated converter having a power transformer with a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The system also includes: 1) a first switch coupled to the primary winding; 2) a switch controller coupled to the first switch; and 3) a bias power regulator circuit coupled to the auxiliary winding and the switch controller. The bias power regulator circuit includes a second switch. The bias power regulator circuit is configured to provide a bias supply output voltage to the switch controller based on a first set of modes that modulate a switching frequency of the second switch and based on a second mode in which the second switch stays off.
1. A control circuit adapted to be coupled to an isolated converter, the isolated converter including a power transformer having an auxiliary winding, and the control circuit comprising:
a pulse-width modulation (PWM) controller; and
a bias power regulator having a bias supply input and a bias supply output, the bias supply output coupled to the PWM controller, and the bias power regulator including:
a forward path between the bias supply input and the bias supply output;
a switch coupled between the forward path and a ground terminal, the switch having a control terminal;
modulation circuitry coupled to the control terminal; and
a mode controller coupled to the modulation circuitry.
2. The control circuit of claim 1 , wherein the mode controller is coupled to the PWM controller and is configured to receive a light load signal from the PWM controller.
3. The control circuit of claim 2 , wherein the mode controller is configured to send pulse requests to the PWM controller responsive to the light load signal.
4. The control circuit of claim 2 , wherein the mode controller is configured to select a constant off-time modulation mode of the modulation circuitry responsive to the light load signal while a voltage at the bias supply input is less than a threshold.
5. The control circuit of claim 4 , wherein the bias power regulator is configured to maintain a voltage at the bias supply output greater than an undervoltage lockout (UVLO) off threshold for the PWM controller in the constant off-time modulation mode.
6. The control circuit of claim 2 , wherein the mode controller is configured to select a constant peak-current modulation mode of the modulation circuitry responsive to absence of the light load signal while a voltage at the bias supply input is less than a threshold.
7. The control circuit of claim 6 , wherein the bias power regulator is configured to adjust a switching frequency of the switch while maintaining a target reference voltage at the bias supply output in the constant peak-current modulation mode.
8. The control circuit of claim 1 , wherein the bias power regulator is configured to use the forward path with the switch turned off if a voltage at the bias supply input is greater than a threshold.
9. An integrated circuit, comprising:
a bias power regulator having a bias supply input node and a bias supply output, the bias power regulator including a switch, and the bias power regulator configured to provide a voltage at the bias supply output by: modulating a switching frequency of the switch if a voltage at the bias supply input is not greater than an input threshold; and using a forward path with the switch off if the voltage at the bias supply input is greater than the input threshold.
10. The integrated circuit of claim 9 , wherein the bias power regulator includes:
modulation circuitry configured to provide modulation modes to modulate the switching frequency of the switch; and
a mode controller configured to select one of the modulation modes.
11. The integrated circuit of claim 10 , wherein one of the modulation modes is a constant off-time modulation mode, and the mode controller is configured to select the constant off-time modulation mode while: an isolated converter load is less than a load threshold; and a voltage at the bias supply input node is less than the input threshold.
12. The integrated circuit of claim 10 , wherein one of the modulation modes is a constant peak-current modulation mode, and the mode controller is configured to select the constant peak-current modulation mode while: an isolated converter load is not less than a load threshold; and a voltage at the bias supply input is less than the input threshold.
13. The integrated circuit of claim 10 , wherein the mode controller is adapted to be coupled to a switch controller, and the mode controller is configured to provide periodic pulse requests to the switch controller responsive to a light load signal from the switch controller.