System for detecting and characterizing inputs on a touch sensor

1. A method for detecting and characterizing inputs comprising:

at a first time, scanning an array of sense electrodes, at a first resolution to generate a first force image;

detecting a first force input in the first force image;

in response to a first geometry dimension of the first force input exceeding a first threshold, characterizing the first force input as a non-finger input type;

in response to the first geometry dimension of the first force input remaining below the first threshold:

in response to a first ratio of a first force magnitude of the first force input to a second geometry dimension of the first force input exceeding a second threshold, characterizing the first force input as a finger input type; and

in response to the first ratio falling below the second threshold, characterizing the first force input as the non-finger input type; and

recording a location and an input type of the first force input.

2. The method of claim 1 :

further comprising:

at a second time succeeding the first time, scanning a subset of the array of sense electrodes at a second resolution greater than the first resolution to generate a second force image, the subset of the array of sense electrodes coincident the first force input; and

detecting a second force input in the second force image proximal the first force input; and

wherein characterizing the first force input as a finger input type comprises confirming the first force input as a finger input type further in response to a second ratio of a second force magnitude of the second force input to a third geometry dimension of the second force input exceeding the second threshold.

3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:

at a third time succeeding the second time, scanning the array of sense electrodes at the second resolution to generate a third force image;

detecting a third force input in the third force image proximal the first force input; and

in response to a third ratio of a third pressure of the third force input to a third geometry dimension of the third force input remaining approximately equal to the second ratio, characterizing the third force input as the finger type.

4. The method of claim 1 :

wherein characterizing the first force input as a finger input type further comprises:

calculating a first score for the first geometry dimension based on a probability the first geometry dimension associated with the first force input represents the finger input type;

calculating a first confidence score representing a combination of the first score and the first ratio;

in response to the first confidence score exceeding a high score threshold, characterizing the first force input as the finger input type; and

in response to the first confidence score exceeding a low score threshold and falling below the high score threshold, characterizing the first force input as a low confidence finger input type.

5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising, in response to characterizing the first force input as the low confidence finger input type:

detecting, in the first force image, a second force input proximal the first force input;

calculating a second score for a third geometry dimension of the second force input;

calculating a second confidence score representing a combination of the third score and a second ratio of the second force magnitude of the second force input to a fourth geometry dimension of the second force; and

in response to the second confidence score exceeding the high score threshold, characterizing the first force input and the second force input as the finger input type.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising, in response to the second confidence score falling below the low score threshold, characterizing the first force input and the second force input as the non-finger input type.

7. The method of claim 4 , further comprising, in response to characterizing the first force input as the finger input type:

detecting, in the first force image, a second force input offset the first force input by a first distance; and

in response to the first distance exceeding a threshold distance, characterizing the second input as a non-finger input type.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

calculating a first best-fit boundary encompassing the first force input in the first force image; and

extracting the first geometry dimension of the first best-fit boundary of the first force input.

9. The method of claim 8 :

wherein extracting the first geometry dimension of the first best-fit boundary comprises extracting a first length of a major axis of the first best-fit boundary defining a first best-fit ellipse;

wherein characterizing the first input as a non-finger input in response to the geometry dimension of the first force input exceeding the first threshold comprises characterizing the first force input as a non-finger input in response to the first geometry dimension of the first best-fit ellipse exceeding the first threshold.

10. The method of claim 9 :

further comprising:

extracting a second length of a minor axis of the first best-fit ellipse; and

calculating a first area of the first best-fit ellipse based on the first length of the major axis and the second length of the minor axis; and

wherein characterizing the first force input as a finger input type, in response to the first ratio of the first force magnitude of the first force input to the second force magnitude of the first force input exceeding the second threshold, comprises:

calculating the first ratio of a first magnitude of the first force input to the first area of the first best-fit ellipse; and

in response to the first ratio of the first magnitude of the first force input to the first area of the first best-fit ellipse exceeding the second threshold, characterizing the first force input as the finger type.

11. The method of claim 1 :

further comprising extracting the first geometry dimension of the first force input representing a width of the first force input; and

wherein characterizing the first force input as the non-finger input type in response to the first geometry dimension exceeding the first threshold comprises characterizing the first force input as a palm input type in response to the first geometry dimension exceeding the first threshold.

12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, in response to the first geometry dimension of the first force input remaining above the first threshold following the first time:

at a second time succeeding the first time, scanning a subset of the array of sense electrodes at the first resolution to generate a second force image, the subset of the array of sense electrodes coincident the first force input; and

detecting a second force input in the second force image proximal the first force input; and

in response to a third geometry dimension of the second force input exceeding a third threshold less than the first threshold, characterizing the second force input as a non-finger type.

13. The method of claim 1 :

wherein detecting the first force input in the first force image comprises detecting the first force input at a first location in the first force image;

further comprising detecting a second force input at a second location, remote from the first location, in the first force image; and

further comprising:

in response to a third geometry dimension of the second force input exceeding a third threshold less than the first threshold and assigned to the second location, characterizing the second force input as a non-finger input type; and

in response to the third geometry dimension of the second force input falling below the third threshold, characterizing the second force input as a finger input type.

14. The method of claim 1 :

wherein scanning the array of sense electrodes to generate the first force image comprises:

scanning the array of sense electrodes at the first resolution to generate a set of raw force values from rows and columns of sense electrodes;

interpolating between force values in the set of raw force values to generate a set of interpolated force values; and

compiling the set of raw force values and the set of interpolated force values to generate the first force image;

wherein detecting the first force input in the first force image comprises interpreting a first contiguous cluster of force values exceeding a minimum force threshold as the first force input; and

further comprising:

defining a contiguous boundary encompassing the first contiguous cluster of force values in the first force image; and

calculating the first geometric dimension as a function of an area encompassed by the contiguous boundary.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein recording a location and an input type of the first force input further comprises outputting the force image, labeled with the location and the input type of the first force input, to a computing device coupled to the array of sense electrodes.

16. A method for detecting and characterizing inputs comprising:

at a first time, scanning an array of sense electrodes, at a first resolution to generate a first force image;

detecting a first force input at a first location in the first force image;

in response to a first ratio of a first peak force magnitude of the first force input to a second total force magnitude of the first force input exceeding a first threshold, characterizing the first force input as a finger input type;

in response to the first ratio falling below the first threshold, characterizing the first force input as a non-finger input type;

recording a first location and a first type of input for the first force input;

at a second time succeeding the first time, scanning the array of sense electrodes at a second resolution greater than the first resolution to generate a second force image;

detecting a second force input in the second force image proximal the first location; and

in response to a second ratio of a second force magnitude of the second force input to a second geometry dimension of the second force input exceeding the first threshold after characterizing the second force input as the finger input type:

confirming the second force input as the finger input type: and

in response to a first distance between the first force input and the second force input falling within a threshold distance, confirming the first force input as the finger input type.

17. A system for detecting and characterizing inputs on a touch sensor surface comprising:

a touch sensor comprising:

a substrate;

an array of sense electrodes patterned across the substrate; and

a resistive layer arranged over the substrate and comprising a material exhibiting changes in local contact resistance responsive to variations in magnitude of force communicated into the resistive layer;

a force-spreading layer arranged over the resistive layer:

defining the touch sensor surface; and

distributing a force applied on and normal to the touch sensor surface laterally and into the resistive layer; and

a controller configured to:

detect a first force input on the force-spreading layer based on local changes in resistance within the resistive layer measured by a subset of sense electrodes in the touch sensor; and

characterize the first force input as one of a finger input type and a non-finger input type based on a ratio of a detected force magnitude of the first force input to a first geometry dimension of the first force input on the force-spreading layer.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the controller is configured to:

scan the array of sense electrodes at a first resolution to generate a first force image;

detect the first force input in the first force image;

extract the first geometry dimension of the first force input from the first force image;

characterize the first force input as a non-finger input type in response to the first geometry dimension of the first force input exceeding a first threshold;

in response to detecting the first geometry dimension coincident the first force input remaining below the first threshold:

scan a subset of the array of sense electrodes at a second resolution greater than the first resolution to generate a second force image, the subset of the array of sense electrodes coincident the first force input;

detect a second force input in the second force image proximal the first force input; and

in response to a second ratio of a second force magnitude of the second force input to a second geometry dimension of the second force input exceeding a second threshold, characterize the first force input as a finger input type; and

output, to a computing device coupled to the array of sense electrodes, a location and a specification for a type of the first force image.

19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the controller is configured to:

scan every fourth row and every fourth column of the array of sense electrodes to generate the first force image; and

scan every second row and every second column of the subset of the array of sense electrodes coincident the first force input to generate the second force image.