Multi-purpose tile system
The invention relates to a multi-purpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles. The invention also relates to a tile covering, in particular floor covering, consisting of mutually coupled tiles according to the invention. The invention further relates to a tile for use in multi-purpose tile system according to the invention.
1. A multi-purpose tile system, comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles, the tile system comprising first coupling parts and at least one second coupling parts, and each tile comprising:
a substantially rigid base layer,
at least one first coupling part and/or at least one second coupling part provided at different edges of the tile,
which first coupling part comprises an upward tongue, at least one upward flank lying at a distance from the upward tongue and a single upward groove formed between the upward tongue and the upward flank, wherein:
at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank is inclined toward the upward flank,
at least an inclined flat or rounded surface of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank forms a first upward aligning edge for the purpose of coupling the first coupling part to a second coupling part of an adjacent tile,
at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing away from the upward flank is provided with a first locking element which is adapted for co-action with a second locking element of a second coupling part of an adjacent tile,
which second coupling part comprises a downward tongue, at least one downward flank lying at a distance from the downward tongue, and a single downward groove formed between the downward tongue and the downward flank, wherein:
at least a part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank is inclined toward the downward flank,
at least an inclined flat or rounded surface of the downward tongue facing away from the downward flank forms a downward aligning edge for the purpose of coupling the second coupling part to a first coupling part of an adjacent tile,
the downward flank is provided with a second locking element which is connected substantially rigidly to the downward flank and adapted for co-action with a first locking element of a first coupling part of an adjacent tile,
said first and second locking elements being formed by a vertical flat portion and a bulge-recess combination in which the first locking element comprises a bulge and the vertical flat portion positioned above the bulge and the second locking element comprises a recess, wherein the first locking element is positioned at a distance from an upper side of the upward tongue, wherein the second locking element is positioned at a distance from an upper side of the downward groove, wherein the vertical flat portion, the bulge, and the recess are configured to be in contact with one another when the tile and the adjacent tile are in a locked position such that no gap exists between the vertical flat portion, the bulge, and the recess;
wherein the upward groove is adapted to receive at least a part of a downward tongue of an adjacent tile, and wherein the downward groove is adapted to receive at least a part of an upward tongue of an adjacent tile,
wherein the substantially rigid base layer is at least partially made of a composite comprising a closed cell foam plastic material and at least one filler, provided with a toughening agent, wherein the plastic material of the closed cell foam plastic material of the base layer is free of plasticizer, wherein the base layer contains 3% to 9% by weight of said toughening agent, wherein at least one filler is selected from the group consisting of: talc, chalk, wood, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, calcined clay, porcelain, a mineral filler, and a natural filler, and wherein the weight content of filler in the foamed composite of the base layer is between 40 and 48%.
2. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the substantially rigid base layer is at least partially made of a closed cell foam PVC material.
3. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the base layer of foam plastic material has a density in the range of about 0.1 to 1.5 g/cm 3 .
4. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, each tile comprises an upper substrate affixed to an upper side of the base layer, wherein said substrate comprises a decorative layer.
5. The tile system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the upper substrate is at least partially made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: metals, alloys, macromolecular materials such as vinyl monomer copolymers and/or homopolymers; condensation polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, epoxy resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins; natural macromolecular materials or modified derivatives thereof such as plant fibres, animal fibres, mineral fibres, ceramic fibres and carbon fibres.
6. The tile system as claimed in in claim 5 , wherein the vinyl monomer copolymers and/or homo-polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, ABS, (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymers, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene, and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers.
7. The tile system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the upper substrate comprises the decorative layer and an abrasion resistant wear layer covering said decorative layer, wherein a top surface of said wear layer is the top surface of said tile, and wherein the wear layer is a transparent material, such that decorative layer is visible through the transparent wear layer.
8. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the closed cell foam plastic material of the base layer has an elastic modulus of more than 700 MPa.
9. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a top section and/or a bottom section of the base layer forms a crust layer having a porosity which is less than the porosity of the closed cell foam plastic material of the base layer, wherein the thickness of each crust layer is between 0.01 and 1 mm.
10. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each tile comprises at least one backing layer affixed to a bottom side of the base layer, wherein said at least one backing layer at least partially made of a flexible material.
11. The tile system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the base layer is composed of a plurality of separate base layer segments affixed to said at least one backing layer.
12. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each tile comprises at least one reinforcing layer, wherein the density of the reinforcing layer is situated between 1000 and 2000 kg/m3.
13. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the first coupling part and/or at least a part of second coupling part of each tile is integrally connected to the base layer.
14. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first coupling part and/or the second coupling part allows deformation during coupling and uncoupling.
15. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one coupling part of the first coupling part and second coupling part comprises a bridge connecting the tongue of said coupling part to the base layer, wherein the minimum thickness of the bridge is smaller than the minimum width of the tongue.
16. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second coupling part comprises an upper bridge connecting the downward tongue to the base layer, wherein the upper bridge is configured to deform during coupling of adjacent panels, to widen the downward groove, and wherein a lower side of the upper bridge of the second coupling part is at least partially inclined.
17. The tile system according to claim 16 , wherein the upper side of the upward tongue is at least partially inclined, wherein the inclination of the upper side of the upward tongue and the inclination of the bridge part of the second coupling part are substantially similar, wherein both inclinations for instance mutually enclose an angle between 0 and 5 degrees.
18. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the upward flank adjoining the upper side of the tile is adapted to make contact with at least a part of the downward tongue adjoining the upper side of another tile in a coupled state of these tiles.
19. The tile system as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the upper side of the tile is adapted to engage substantially seamlessly to the upper side of another tile.
20. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a mutual angle enclosed by at least an inclined part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank and the upward flank is substantially equal to the mutual angle enclosed by at least an inclined part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank and the downward flank.
21. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the angle enclosed by on the one hand the direction in which at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank extends and on the other the normal of the upper side of the base layer lies between 0 and 60 degrees.
22. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the angle enclosed by on the one hand the direction in which at least a part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank extends and on the other the normal of the lower side of the base layer lies between 0 and 60 degrees.
23. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first locking element comprises at least one outward bulge, and that the second locking element comprises at least one recess, which outward bulge is adapted to be at least partially received in a recess of an adjacent coupled tile for the purpose of realizing a locked coupling.
24. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a side of the downward tongue facing away from the downward flank is provided with a third locking element, and wherein the upward flank is provided with a fourth locking element, said third locking element being adapted to cooperate with a fourth locking element of another tile.
25. The tile system as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the shortest distance between an upper edge of the downward tongue and a lower side of the base layer defines a plane, wherein the third locking element and at least a part of the downward tongue are situated at opposite sides of said plane.
26. The tile system as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the minimum distance between said third locking element and an upper side of the tile is smaller than the minimum distance between an upper side of the upward tongue and said upper side of the tile.
27. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a side of the upward tongue facing away from the upward flank is positioned at a distance from the downward flank, in coupled condition of adjacent tiles.
28. The tile system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first coupling part and the second coupling part are configured to co-act in such a manner that coupled tiles are substantially locked both in a direction parallel to the plane defined by the tiles as well as in a direction perpendicular to said plane defined by the tiles.