Coated particles and methods of making and using the same
Improved silica based matting agents are disclosed. The matting agents are useful in waterborne coatings composition to provide exceptional properties to a wood based substrate. Films resulting on the coated substrate unexpectedly provide improved chemical resistance, thermal stress resistance, weather resistance, and/or film clarity to the surface of a wood substrate. Methods of making and using the matting agents are also disclosed.
1. A matting agent comprising coated silica particles, said coated particles consisting of:
silica particles having a particle surface; and
greater than 30.0 weight percent (wt %), based on a total weight of said silica particles, of (i) one or more waxes, (ii) one or more polymers, or (iii) any combination of (i) and (ii) coated on said particle surface;
wherein said one or more polymers comprise polydiene, vulcanized polydiene, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone, cellulose acetate butyrate, or any combination thereof; and
wherein the coated silica particles are solvent-free, free-flowing particles and have an average particles size of from about 3.0 μm to about 12 μm.
2. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said silica particles comprise 31.0 wt % to about 50.0 wt %, based on a total weight of said silica particles, of (i) said one or more waxes, (ii) said one or more polymers, or (iii) any combination of (i) and (ii) on said particle surface.
3. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said silica particles comprise from about 40.0 wt % to about 50.0 wt %, based on a total weight of said silica particles, of (i) said one or more waxes, (ii) said one or more polymers, or (iii) any combination of (i) and (ii) on said particle surface.
4. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said silica particles comprise silica gel, precipitated silica or fumed silica particles.
5. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said silica particles have a total pore volume of from about 0.30 cc/gm to about 2.20 cc/gm, as determined by Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method, and a BET particle surface area of at least about 100 m 2 /g up to 1500 m 2 /g, or greater.
6. The matting agent of claim 5 , wherein said silica particles have a total pore volume of from about 1.8 cc/gm to about 2.0 cc/gm, as determined by BJH method, and a BET particle surface area of at least about 200 m 2 /g up to 900 m 2 /g.
7. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said coated particles comprise said one or more waxes.
8. The matting agent of claim 7 , wherein said one or more waxes comprise a hydrocarbon wax, a paraffin wax, a polyethylene wax, a polypropylene wax, a plant wax, an animal wax, or any combination thereof.
9. The matting agent of claim 8 , wherein said one or more waxes comprise a polyethylene wax, a polypropylene wax, or a combination thereof.
10. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said coated particles consist of silica particles having a particle surface and greater than 30.0 wt. %, based on a total weight of said silica particles, of one or more polymers, wherein said one or more polymers comprise polydiene, vulcanized polydiene, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone, cellulose acetate butyrate, or any combination thereof.
11. The matting agent of claim 1 , when incorporated into a coating composition and applied onto a substrate, enables the coating composition to (i) form a film having a film clarity ΔL* of less than 7.0 units as measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, and (ii) exhibit a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 5.0 units as measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
12. The matting agent of claim 11 , when incorporated into a coating composition and applied onto a substrate, enables the coating composition to exhibit a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 8.0 units as measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
13. The matting agent of claim 12 , when incorporated into a coating composition and applied onto a substrate, enables the coating composition to exhibit a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 16.0 units as measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
14. The matting agent of claim 1 , when incorporated into a coating composition and applied onto a substrate, enables the coating composition to exhibit (i) a film clarity ΔL* of less than 7.0 units, (ii) a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 4.0 units, (iii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 8.0 units, and (iv) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 10.0 units, all measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
15. A coating composition comprising the matting agent of claim 1 .
16. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said composition comprises an aqueous composition.
17. A substrate coated with the coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said substrate comprises a wood substrate.
18. A method of preparing the matting agent of claim 1 , said method comprising:
contacting the porous silica particles with (i) the one or more waxes, (ii) the one or more polymers, or (iii) any combination of (i) and (ii) so as to form coated silica paricles;
heat treating the coated silica particles at an elevated temperature for a heat treatment period of time so as to form heat-treated coated particles;
allowing the heat-treated coated particles to cool; and
milling the heat-treated coated particles so as to result in a final particle size of less than about 100 μm.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the coated silica particles are heat treated at elevated temperature ranges from about 90° C. to about 140° C., and the heat treatment period of time ranges from about 1.0 hour (hr) to about 4.0 hr.
20. A method of improving chemical resistance, thermal stress resistance, weather resistance, film clarity, or any combination thereof, of a waterborne coating composition applied to a wood substrate, said method comprising:
incorporating the matting agent of claim 1 into the coating composition;
applying the coating composition onto at least one surface of a wood substrate to form a coating; and
drying the coating to form a film on at least one surface of the wood substrate.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the film exhibits (i) a film clarity ΔL* of less than 7.0 units, (ii) a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 4.0 units, (iii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 8.0 units, and (iv) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 10.0 units, all measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.