Heteroatom ligand, oligomerization catalyst containing same, and method for preparing oligomer

1. A heteroatom ligand represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

wherein

A and E are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, oxygen, bismuth, sulfur, selenium, and nitrogen,

D is a linking group between A and E,

Z is a silsesquioxane derivative,

R is hydrocarbylene,

R 1 and R 2 are independently of each other substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl,

p is an integer of 1 to 18, and

n and m are independently of each other determined by each valency or oxidation state of A or E.

2. The heteroatom ligand of claim 1 , wherein the silsesquioxane derivative is represented by the following Chemical Formula 2:

*—(SiO 3/2 ) q (R 7 ) q−1   [Chemical Formula 2]

wherein R 7 is hydrogen, hydroxy, a halogen, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl, or substituted heterohydrocarbyl, and

q is 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18.

3. The heteroatom ligand of claim 2 , wherein R 7 is C1-C10alkyl.

4. The heteroatom ligand of claim 2 , wherein in Chemical Formula 2, q is 8.

5. The heteroatom ligand of claim 1 , wherein D is any one selected from the group consisting of organic linking groups including substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene; and inorganic linking groups including a single atomic link.

6. The heteroatom ligand of claim 1 , wherein the heteroatom ligand is selected from the following Chemical Formulae 3 to 5:

wherein

Z is a silsesquioxane derivative,

R 11 to R 14 are independently of one another hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl, or substituted heterohydrocarbyl,

R and R 21 are independently of each other substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20aryleneC1-C10alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20aryleneC2-C10alkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20aryleneC2-C10alkynylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10alkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10alkynylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20heteroarylene, and

R 22 is substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylC1-C10alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylC2-C10alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylC2-C10alkynyl, C1-C10alkyl, C2-C10alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-20heteroaryl, or

7. The heteroatom ligand of claim 6 , wherein

in Chemical Formulae 3 to 5, R 11 to R 14 are independently of one another substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylC1-C10alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylC2-C10alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20arylC2-C10alkynyl,

R and R 21 are independently of each other C1-C10alkylene, and

R 22 is C1-C10alkyl or

8. The heteroatom ligand of claim 6 , wherein

the silsesquioxane derivative is *—(SiO 3/2 ) q (R 7 ) q−1 , wherein R 7 is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl, or substituted heterohydrocarbyl, and

q is 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18.

9. The heteroatom ligand of claim 7 , wherein R 11 to R 14 are independently of one another C6-C20aryl substituted by any one or more selected from the group consisting of halogens, C1-C10alkyl, haloC1-C10alkyl, C2-C10alkenyl, C2-C10alkynyl, C1-C10alkoxy, and haloC1-C10alkoxy.

10. An oligomerization catalyst comprising: the heteroatom ligand of claim 1 and a transition metal.

11. A method for preparing an oligomer, the method comprising:

introducing the oligomerization catalyst of claim 10 to a reactor;

introducing an olefin to the reactor; and

reacting the olefin with the oligomerization catalyst to be oligomerized.

12. The method for preparing an oligomer of claim 11 , wherein the olefin is ethylene, and the oligomer is 1-hexene or 1-octene.

13. The method for preparing an oligomer of claim 11 , further comprising: introducing a cocatalyst containing a metal in an amount of 100 to 5,000 times the moles of the transition metal to the reactor.

14. The method for preparing an oligomer of claim 13 , wherein the cocatalyst is an organic aluminum compound, organic aluminoxane, an organic boron compound, an organic salt, or a mixture thereof.

15. The method for preparing an oligomer of claim 14 , wherein the cocatalyst is one or a mixture or two or more selected from the group consisting of methylaluminoxane (MAO), modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), ethylaluminoxane (EAO), tetraisobutylaluminoxane (TIBAO), isobutylaluminoxane (IBAO), trimethylaluminum (TMA), triethylaluminum (TEA), triisobutylaluminum (TIBA), tri-n-octylaluminum, methylaluminumdichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, dimethylaluminum chloride, diethylaluminum chloride, aluminumisopropoxide, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, and methylaluminum sesquichloride.