Silica-based matting agents and methods of making and using the same
Improved silica-based matting agents are disclosed. The matting agents are useful in waterborne coatings composition to provide exceptional properties to a wood based substrate. Films resulting from the silica-based matting agents on a wood substrate unexpectedly provide improved chemical resistance and/or film clarity to the surface of the wood substrate. Methods of making and using the matting agents are also disclosed.
1. A matting agent for aqueous coating compositions, said matting agent comprising composite silica particles consisting of porous silica particles and a coating of (i) one or more waxes, (ii) one or more polymers, or (iii) any combination of (i) and (ii) at least partially within pores of the porous silica particles; wherein the porous silica particles have a total pore volume of 0.10 cc/gm to 3 cc/gm prior to coating; and the porous silica particles are silica gel, precipitated silica, or fumed silica particles; wherein the composite silica particles comprise from 20 wt. % to 50 wt. %, based on a total weight of said composite silica particles, of one of (i) said one or more waxes, (ii) said one or more polymers, or (iii) any combination of (i) and (ii); and the composite silica particles have a median particle size of greater than 3.0 microns (μm) up to about 50.0 μm, a total pore volume of less than or equal to about 1.2 cc/gm as determined by Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method, and a BET surface area of 25 m 2 /gm to 210 m 2 /gm; and wherein, when incorporated into an aqueous coating composition in an effective matting amount and the coating composition is applied onto a substrate to form a clear coat film, the matting agent provides increased chemical resistance in the film as compared to a film formed from an aqueous coating composition comprising silica particles having a higher total pore volume as a matting agent.
2. The matting agent of claim 1 , when incorporated into an aqueous coating composition in an amount sufficient to achieve, upon drying on a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart to form a film, a 60° gloss value between 10.0 and 15.0 in a dried film, and enables the film to exhibit a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 6.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
3. The matting agent of claim 1 , when incorporated into an aqueous coating composition in an amount sufficient to achieve, upon drying on a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart to form a film, a 60° gloss value between 10 to 15 in a dried film, and enables the film to exhibit a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 13.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
4. The matting agent of claim 3 , wherein when incorporated into an aqueous coating composition in an amount sufficient to achieve, upon drying on a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart to form a film, a 60° gloss value between 10 to 15 in a dried film, and enables the film to exhibit a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 15.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
5. The matting agent of claim 1 , when incorporated into an aqueous coating composition in an amount sufficient to achieve, upon drying on a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart to form a film, a 60° gloss value between 10.0 to 15.0 in a dried clear coat film, and enables the film composition to exhibit a film clarity ΔL* of less than 7.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
6. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said composite silica particles consist of porous silica particles and a coating of one or more waxes.
7. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein said composite silica particles are free-flowing particles.
8. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein a majority of an outer surface area of said composite silica particles comprises silica.
9. The matting agent of claim 1 , wherein when incorporated into a coating composition and applied onto a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart, enables the coating composition to form a clear coat film having a 60° gloss value between 10.0 to 15.0 as measured using a portable Micro-TRI-Gloss meter.
10. The matting agent of claim 9 , wherein the film exhibits (i) a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 6.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (ii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 13.0 units as measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (iii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 15.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, and (iv) a film clarity ΔL* of less than 7.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
11. The matting agent of claim 9 , wherein the film exhibits(i) a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 4.8 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (ii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 11.0 units as measured using a portable Spectro-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (iii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 11.5 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, and (iv) a film clarity ΔL* of less than 6.5 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
12. A coating composition comprising the matting agent of claim 1 .
13. The coating composition of claim 12 , wherein said composition comprises an aqueous composition.
14. The coating composition of claim 13 , when applied onto a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart, forms a film having a 60° gloss value between 10.0 to 15.0, as measured using a portable Micro-TRI-Gloss meter, wherein the film exhibits (i) a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 6.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (ii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 13.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (iii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 15.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, and (iv) a film clarity ΔL* of less than 6.5 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
15. The coating composition of claim 13 , when applied onto a plain, smooth and non-penetrating black chart, forms a film having a 60° gloss value between 10.0 to 15.0, as measured using a portable Micro-TRI-Gloss meter, wherein the film exhibits (i) a water damage 24 hr ΔL* of less than 4.8 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (ii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 1 hr ΔL* of less than 11.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, (iii) a 50/50 water/ethanol damage 4 hr ΔL* of less than 11.5 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter, and (iv) a film clarity ΔL* of less than 6.0 units as measured using a portable Spectra-Guide 45/0 colorimeter.
16. A substrate coated with the coating composition of claim 14 .
17. The substrate of claim 16 , wherein said substrate comprises a wood substrate.
18. A method of improving chemical resistance of a waterborne composition applied to a wood substrate, said method comprising:
incorporating the matting agent of claim 1 into the coating composition;
applying the coating composition onto at least one surface of a wood substrate to form a coating; and
drying the coating to form a clear coat film on at least one surface of the wood substrate.