Device for detecting a user's intention to lock or unlock a motor vehicle door and associated door handle
A device for detecting a user's intention to lock or to unlock a motor vehicle door. The device contained in a watertight housing, integrated into a non-watertight handle, the lower part of which includes drainage holes, a part of the housing being immersed in water. The device including: a capacitive approach and/or contact detection sensor, having at least one detection electrode, a variable detection capacitance representative of the approach of the user's hand, a charging/discharging capacitor Cs, and a protective electrode Ep situated in the part of the housing that is immersed in water, electrically coupled to the detection electrode and connected to a terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor Cs such that the protective electrode Ep is simultaneously at the same potential as the terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor during the various steps of charging/discharging the detection capacitor and the charging/discharging capacitor that are necessary to estimate the detection capacitance.
1. A device for detecting a user's intention to lock or to unlock a motor vehicle door, said device being contained in a watertight housing, integrated into a non-watertight handle a lower part of which comprises drainage holes defining a drainage line for the drainage of water that has infiltrated into a part of the housing immersed in water, said device comprising:
a capacitive approach and/or contact detection sensor, comprising at least one detection electrode, having a variable detection capacitance representative of an approach of a hand of the user,
a charging/discharging capacitor,
a microcontroller, connected to a ground plane and to a voltage source, measuring a detection capacitance,
first switching means connected to the microcontroller and to a first terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor, and
second switching means connected to the microcontroller, to a second terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor, and to the detection electrode,
the first and second switching means being designed to charge/discharge the detection capacitor and the charging/discharging capacitor,
wherein the detection electrode and the ground plane are arranged above the drainage line,
at least one protective electrode contained in the part of the housing that is immersed in water, separated from the detection electrode such that there is electrical coupling between the protective electrode and the detection electrode, the protective electrode being electrically connected to the first switching means at the same time as the first terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor.
2. The detection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the microcontroller and the ground plane are integrated into a printed circuit board.
3. A door handle, comprising a detection device as claimed in claim 1 .
4. A motor vehicle, comprising a detection device as claimed claim 1 .
5. A door handle, comprising a detection device as claimed in claim 2 .
6. A motor vehicle, comprising a detection device as claimed claim 2 .
7. A method for detecting a user's intention to lock or to unlock a motor vehicle door, comprising a detection device, said device being contained in a watertight housing, integrated into a non-watertight handle the a lower part of which comprises drainage holes, a part of the housing being immersed in water, said device comprising:
a capacitive approach and/or contact detection sensor, comprising at least one detection electrode, having a variable detection capacitance representative of an approach of a hand of the user,
a charging/discharging capacitor,
a voltage source;
the method comprising:
step E1: charging the detection capacitor,
step E2: discharging the detection capacitor into the charging/discharging capacitor,
step E3: measuring a voltage across the terminals of the detection electrode,
step E4: discharging the charging/discharging capacitor and the detection capacitor,
step E5: simultaneously charging the charging/discharging capacitor and the detection capacitor, forming a capacitive divider bridge,
step E6: measuring a further voltage across the terminals of the detection electrode,
step E7: calculating a difference between the voltage measurement performed in step E3 and the voltage measurement performed in step E6, and
step E8: confirming the approach if the difference is greater than a predetermined threshold,
wherein, before step E1, a protective capacitor is connected between a first terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor, such that, in steps E1 to E6, said protective capacitor is connected simultaneously to a same potential as the first terminal of the charging/discharging capacitor, the protective capacitor being electrically coupled to the detection capacitor.