Failure detection of a semiconductor switch using first and second current detectors
View Patent ↗A power supply system includes: a semiconductor switch ( 1 ) that is turned on at the time of normal supply from a commercial AC power supply ( 5 ); a first current detector (CT 1 ) including a transformer ( 10 ) and configured to detect an AC input current (I 1 ); a second current detector (CT 2 ) including a Hall effect sensor ( 20 ) and configured to detect an AC output current (I 2 ); and a failure detector ( 30 ) that determines that one of a pair of thyristors ( 1 a, 1 b ) included in the semiconductor switch ( 1 ) has misfired when the detection values from the first and second current detectors (CT 1 , CT 2 ) are not equal at the time of normal supply from the commercial AC power supply ( 5 ).
1. A power supply system comprising:
a semiconductor switch having a first terminal that receives AC power from a first AC power supply, and a second terminal connected to a load;
a first current detector and a second current detector each of which detects an instantaneous value of a current flowing through the semiconductor switch, and outputs a signal indicating a detection value,
the semiconductor switch including a first semiconductor element through which a current having a first polarity flows, and a second semiconductor element through which a current having a second polarity flows,
the first current detector including a transformer that outputs an electrical signal having a value corresponding to a current detected by the first current detector,
the second current detector including a magnetoelectric transducer that converts a magnetic field into an electrical signal, the magnetic field being generated by a current detected by the second current detector; and
a failure detector that, when the detection values from the first and second current detectors are not equal, outputs a failure detection signal indicating that a current is not flowing through any one of the first and second semiconductor elements.
2. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the first semiconductor element includes a first thyristor, and the second semiconductor element includes a second thyristor, and
the first and second thyristors are connected in antiparallel to each other between the first and second terminals.
3. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the first semiconductor element includes a first transistor, and the second semiconductor element includes a second transistor,
a first electrode of the first transistor is connected to a first electrode of the second transistor, a second electrode of the first transistor is connected to the first terminal, and a second electrode of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal,
the semiconductor switch further includes a first diode and a second diode, and
the first diode is connected in antiparallel to the first transistor, and the second diode is connected in antiparallel to the second transistor.
4. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetoelectric transducer includes a Hall effect sensor.
5. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
when the first and second semiconductor elements are normally working, the detection values from the first and second current detectors are equal, and
when a current is not flowing through any one of the first and second semiconductor elements, a DC component is superimposed on the signal outputted from the transformer due to biased magnetization, so that the detection values from the first and second current detectors are not equal.
6. The power supply system according to claim 5 , wherein
the failure detector includes
a subtractor that calculates a difference between the detection values from the first and second current detectors, and
a signal generator that outputs the failure detection signal when the difference goes out of a prescribed range.
7. The power supply system according to claim 1 , further comprising a notifying unit that notifies that a current is not flowing through any one of the first and second semiconductor elements, in response to the failure detection signal outputted from the failure detector.
8. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the semiconductor switch is turned on in a first case in which an AC voltage from the first AC power supply is normal, and the semiconductor switch is turned off in a second case in which the AC voltage from the first AC power supply is not normal,
in the first case, the failure detector outputs the failure detection signal when the detection values from the first and second current detectors are not equal, and
the power supply system further comprises an inversion device that converts DC power supplied from a DC power supply into AC power and supplies the AC power to the load in the second case.
9. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the semiconductor switch is turned on in a first case in which an AC voltage from the first AC power supply is normal, and the semiconductor switch is turned off in a second case in which the AC voltage from the first AC power supply is not normal,
in the first case, the failure detector outputs the failure detection signal when the detection values from the first and second current detectors are not equal,
the power supply system further comprises:
a rectification device that converts AC power supplied from a second AC power supply into DC power in a third case in which an AC voltage from the second AC power supply is normal; and
an inversion device that converts DC power into AC power and supplies the AC power to the load,
in the third case, DC power generated by the rectification device is supplied to the inversion device, and is also stored in a power storage unit, and
in a fourth case in which the AC voltage from the second AC power supply is not normal, DC power from the power storage unit is supplied to the inversion device.
10. The power supply system according to claim 9 , further comprising:
an electromagnetic contactor having one terminal that receives AC power from the inversion device, the electromagnetic contactor being turned on in the second case;
a first AC line connected between another terminal of the semiconductor switch and another terminal of the electromagnetic contactor; and
a second AC line connected between the other terminal of the electromagnetic contactor and the load, wherein
the first current detector detects a current flowing through the first AC line, and the second current detector detects a current flowing through the second AC line.
11. The power supply system according to claim 10 , further comprising a controller, wherein
in the first case, the controller turns on the semiconductor switch and turns off the electromagnetic contactor, and
in the second case, the controller turns off the semiconductor switch and turns on the electromagnetic contactor.
12. The power supply system according to claim 11 , wherein
when the failure detection signal is outputted from the failure detector in the first case,
when the inversion device is normal, the controller turns off the semiconductor switch and turns on the electromagnetic contactor, and
when the inversion device is failed, the controller maintains an on-state of the semiconductor switch and an off-state of the electromagnetic contactor.
13. The power supply system according to claim 10 , further comprising a controller that controls the inversion device based on the detection value from the second current detector in the second case.