Methods for making and using endoxifen
The present disclosure provides industrially scalable methods of making (Z)-endoxifen or a salt thereof, crystalline forms of endoxifen, and compositions comprising them. The present disclosure also provides methods for treating hormone-dependent breast and hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorders.
1. A composition comprising a crystalline form of a compound of Formula (III):
wherein at least 90% by weight of the compound of Formula (III) in the composition is the (Z)-isomer, and wherein the crystalline form of the (Z)-isomer is Form I, characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising major peaks at 16.8±0.3°, 17.1±0.3° and 21.8±0.3° two theta.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the x-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprises at least one peak selected from 16.0±0.3°, 18.8±0.3° and 26.5±0.3 two theta.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the x-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprises at least one peak selected from 12.3±0.3°, 28.0±0.3° and 29.0±0.3° two theta.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the x-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprises peaks at 12.3±0.3°, 16.0±0.3°, 18.8±0.3°, 26.5±0.3°, 28.0±0.3° and 29.0±0.3° two theta.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline form of the (Z)-isomer is characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as set forth in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 .
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein greater than 90% by weight of the (Z)-isomer in the composition is crystalline Form I.
7. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the composition is formulated for oral, parenteral, topical, or intraductal delivery.
9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the composition is formulated for oral delivery as a tablet, a caplet, a capsule, or a pill.
10. The composition of claim 7 , wherein a mean half-life of the compound of Formula (III) in a subject treated with the composition is between 30 hours to 60 hours.
11. The composition of claim 1 , formulated as an oral dosage form comprising 1 mg to 200 mg per unit dose of the composition, and wherein daily administration of the oral dosage form achieves in a subject treated with the composition one or more of:
a steady state plasma level of the compound of Formula (III) within 7 to 21 days;
a steady state plasma level of the compound of Formula (III) ranging from 25 nM to 300 nM;
a steady state plasma level of the compound of Formula (III) greater than 30 nM; or
maximal plasma levels of the compound of Formula (III) within 2 to 10 hours after administering.
12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein a mean half-life of the compound of Formula (III) in the subject is between 40 hours to 55 hours.
13. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the oral dosage form is formulated as an enteric tablet, an enteric caplet, an enteric capsule, a delayed-release tablet, a delayed-release caplet or a delayed-release capsule.
14. The composition of claim 11 , wherein at least 80% of the compound of Formula (III) in the oral dosage form is released in the intestines of the subject.
15. The composition of claim 11 , having a mean area under the curve extrapolated to time infinity (AUC 0-inf ) of the compound of Formula (III) of 200 hr*ng/mL to 10000 hr*ng/mL.
16. A method of treating a hormone-dependent breast disorder or a hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorder in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a crystalline form of a compound of Formula (III):
wherein at least 90% by weight of the compound of Formula (III) in the composition is the (Z)-isomer, and wherein the crystalline form of the (Z)-isomer is Form I, characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising major peaks at 16.8±0.3°, 17.1±0.3° and 21.8±0.3° two theta, thereby treating the hormone-dependent breast disorder or the hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorder.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the subject has prostate cancer and wherein the subject further has or is at risk of having gynecomastia.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the subject has tamoxifen-refractory or tamoxifen resistant hormone-dependent breast disorder or hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorder.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the composition comprises 0.01 mg to 200 mg of the (Z)-isomer.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein a steady state plasma level of the compound of Formula (III) is achieved within 7 to 21 days of the first administration of the composition to the subject, and wherein the steady state plasma level of the compound of Formula (III) in the subject is greater than 30 nM.
21. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is stable for at least 9 months at 5° C. and 60% relative humidity or at 25° C. and 60% relative humidity.