Display panel and display device
A display panel including a plurality of pixel units is provided. The display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other a first light-shielding layer including a plurality of first openings as light-transmitting regions for the pixel units, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. Each pixel unit includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a lens. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to form an electric field in response to receiving a voltage, the electric field is configured to drive liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to deflect to change a ratio of transmission and reflection of linearly polarized light incident onto the liquid crystal layer at the light incident surface of the lens.
1. A display panel comprising a plurality of pixel units, the display panel comprising:
a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other, wherein a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate is a light exiting side of the display panel, and a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is a light incident side of the display panel;
a first light-shielding layer on the first substrate, the first light-shielding layer comprising a plurality of first openings as light-transmitting regions for the pixel units; and
a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate,
wherein each pixel unit of the plurality of pixel units comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a lens that is on a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate and extends toward the second substrate,
wherein the lens comprises a light incident surface and a light exiting surface,
wherein the light incident surface of the lens is in direct contact with the liquid crystal layer,
wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to form an electric field in response to receiving a voltage, and
wherein the electric field is configured to drive liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to deflect to change a ratio of transmission and reflection of linearly polarized light incident onto the liquid crystal layer at the light incident surface of the lens, thereby changing a ratio of the linearly polarized light exiting from a light-transmitting region of the light-transmitting regions and the linearly polarized light absorbed by the first light-shielding layer.
2. The display panel according to claim 1 , wherein the lens is in the light-transmitting region of the pixel unit.
3. The display panel according to claim 2 , wherein an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of first openings on the first substrate is within an orthographic projection of the light exiting surface of the lens on the first substrate.
4. The display panel according to claim 2 , further comprising:
a second light-shielding layer on a side of the liquid crystal layer facing away from the first substrate,
wherein the second light-shielding layer comprises a plurality of second openings, and an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of second openings on the first substrate is within an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of first openings on the first substrate.
5. The display panel according to claim 2 , further comprising:
a barrier in a light-shielding region of the first light-shielding layer and extending from the first substrate toward the second substrate,
wherein an orthographic projection of the barrier on the first substrate does not overlap with an orthographic projection of the lens on the first substrate.
6. The display panel according to claim 1 , wherein the lens is in a light-shielding region of the pixel unit, the display panel further comprises:
a second light-shielding layer on a side of the liquid crystal layer facing away from the first substrate,
wherein the second light-shielding layer comprises a plurality of second openings, and
wherein an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of second openings on the first substrate is within an orthographic projection of a light-shielding region of the first light-shielding layer on the first substrate.
7. The display panel according to claim 1 , wherein the lens comprises any one selected from a group consisting of a cylinder lens, a taper lens and a mesa lens.
8. The display panel according to claim 1 ,
wherein the lens comprises a right angle prism,
wherein a main cross section of the right angle prism comprises a right triangle,
wherein a plane comprising a hypotenuse of the right triangle of the main cross section of the right angle prism comprises the light incident surface, and
wherein a plane comprising a cathetus of the right triangle of the main cross section of the right angle prism that is parallel to the first substrate comprises the light exiting surface.
9. The display panel according to claim 8 , wherein an initial direction of a long axial of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel to a plane comprising the hypotenuse of the right triangle of the main cross section of the right angle prism.
10. The display panel according to claim 9 , wherein an angle between the light incident surface of the right angle prism and the light exiting surface of the right angle prism is θ, and
θ
=
arc
sin
(
n
2
n
e
)
,
wherein n 2 is a refractive index of the right angle prism, and n e is an e-light refractive index of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.
11. The display panel according to claim 1 , wherein the lens comprises resin or quartz.
12. The display panel according to claim 1 ,
wherein an initial direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is parallel to the first substrate,
wherein a refractive index n 1 of the lens is equal to n O ,
wherein the n O is an o-light refractive index of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.
13. The display panel according to claim 12 ,
wherein an angle α between a tangent plane for a point on the light incident surface of the lens and the light exiting surface of the lens satisfies
α
≥
arc
sin
(
n
1
n
e
)
wherein n 1 is the refractive index of the lens, and n e is an e-light refractive index of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.
14. The display panel according to claim 1 ,
wherein the first electrode comprises a common electrode and is connected to a reference voltage, and
wherein the second electrode comprises a pixel electrode, and
wherein the first electrode is on the first substrate, and the second electrode is on the second substrate.
15. The display panel according to claim 1 ,
wherein the first electrode comprises a common electrode and is connected to a reference voltage, and the second electrode comprises a pixel electrode, and
wherein both the first electrode and the second electrode are on one of the first substrate and the second substrate.
16. The display panel according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a color filter layer in the light-transmitting region of the first substrate.
17. The display panel according to claim 1 , wherein a difference between an e-light refractive index and an o-light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 0.3.
18. A display device, comprising the display panel according to claim 1 , and a backlight on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate.
19. The display device according to claim 18 , wherein the backlight is configured to provide linearly polarized light whose polarization direction is parallel to an initial direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.
20. The display device according to claim 18 , wherein the lens is in the light-transmitting region of the pixel unit.