LASER WELDED ALUMINUM BLANKS
Welded parts and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. A welded part may include first and second metal workpieces having respective first and second edges forming a butt joint. The welded part may further include a first laser weld joining the first and second edges on one side of the first and second metal workpieces, and a second laser weld joining the first and second edges on another opposite side of the first and second metal workpieces. Some example parts may have laser welds that cooperate to extend across an entire depth of the butt joint and form an overlap zone between the first and second laser welds. In some examples, the first and second laser welds may be formed with substantially zero macroporosity.
1 . A welded part, comprising:
a first metal workpiece having a first edge; and
a second metal workpiece having a second edge, the first edge is positioned adjacent the second edge to form a butt joint between the first and second metal workpieces, wherein at least one of the first or second metal workpieces is formed of an aluminum-based material;
a first laser weld joining the first and second edges on one side of the first and second metal workpieces, the first laser weld includes material from both the first and second metal workpieces; and
a second laser weld joining the first and second edges on another side of the first and second metal workpieces opposite the one side, the second laser weld includes material from both the first and second metal workpieces;
wherein the first and second laser welds cooperate to extend across an entire depth of the butt joint and form an overlap zone between the first and second laser welds.
2 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the first and second laser welds are formed with substantially zero macroporosity so that no voids larger than 30% of a thickness of the thinner of the first and second workpieces are present in the first and second laser welds.
3 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the first laser weld is formed from a higher energy density laser than the second laser weld so that the first laser weld has a first weld depth (D 1 ), and the second laser weld has a second weld depth (D 2 ) that is less than the first weld depth, and the first laser weld has a first weld width (W 1 ), and the second laser weld has a second weld width (W 2 ), wherein the first weld width is less than the second weld width.
4 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the first laser weld is a laser keyhole weld, and the second weld is a laser conduction weld.
5 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the first laser weld penetrates into the weld joint to a weld depth (D 1 ) that is at least 60% of a maximum thickness of the first and second workpieces, and the second laser weld penetrates into the weld joint to a weld depth (D 2 ) that is at least 40% of the maximum thickness of the first and second workpieces.
6 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the overlap region comprises between 20-40% of a maximum thickness of the first and second workpieces.
7 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the first and second workpieces have different first and second gauges, respectively, and wherein the first laser weld is formed on a stepped side of the workpieces, and the second laser weld is formed on a flush side of the workpieces.
8 . The welded part of claim 7 , wherein at least one of the first and second laser welds includes a filler wire material.
9 . The welded part of claim 8 , wherein at least one of the first and second workpieces defines a surface hardness adjacent the first and second laser welds and a relatively higher weld hardness along a welded surface, the surface hardness being substantially similar to a base material hardness of the at least one of the first and second workpieces.
10 . The welded part of claim 7 , wherein the first laser weld is offset towards a thicker one of the first and second workpieces, and the second laser weld is aligned with the butt joint between the first and second workpieces.
11 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second workpieces is formed of an aluminum-based material that has a thickness between 0.5 millimeters (mm) and 5.0 mm, inclusive.
12 . The welded part of claim 1 , wherein the welded part is one of a welded blank assembly and a formed welded part.
13 . A welded part, comprising:
a first metal workpiece having a first edge; and
a second metal workpiece having a second edge, the first edge is positioned adjacent the second edge to form a butt joint between the first and second metal workpieces, wherein at least one of the first or second metal workpieces is formed of an aluminum-based material;
a first laser weld joining the first and second edges on one side of the first and second metal workpieces, the first laser weld includes material from both the first and second metal workpieces; and
a second laser weld joining the first and second edges on another side of the first and second metal workpieces opposite the one side, the second laser weld includes material from both the first and second metal workpieces;
wherein the first and second laser welds are formed with substantially zero macroporosity such that no voids larger than 30% of a thickness of the thinner of the first and second workpieces are present in the first and second laser welds.
14 . A method of manufacturing a welded part, comprising:
positioning a first edge of a first metal workpiece adjacent a second edge of a second metal workpiece to form a butt joint, wherein at least one of the first or second metal workpieces is formed of an aluminum-based material;
laser welding the first and second edges from one side of the first and second metal workpieces to create a first laser weld, the first laser weld includes material from the first and second metal workpieces; and
laser welding the first and second edges from another opposite side of the first and second metal workpieces to create a second laser weld, the second laser weld includes material from the first and second metal workpieces; and
wherein the first and second laser welds cooperate to extend across an entire depth of the butt joint and form an overlap zone between the first and second laser welds.
15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising re-solidifying at least a portion of the first laser weld prior to forming the second laser weld.
16 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising urging the first and second workpieces together during at least one of the laser welding steps
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein urging the first and second workpieces together forms the first and second laser welds with substantially zero macroporosity such that zero voids larger than 30% of a thickness of the thinner of the first and second workpieces are present in the first and second laser welds.
18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first laser weld is formed with a first laser energy density, and the second laser weld is formed with a second laser energy density, wherein the first laser energy density is higher than the second laser energy density.
19 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first laser weld is formed to define a first weld depth (D 1 ) and a first weld width (W 1 ), and wherein the second laser weld is formed to define a second weld depth (D 2 ) less than the first weld depth, and the second laser weld is formed to define a second weld width (W 2 ) larger than the first weld width.
20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the laser welding includes using a laser having an operating wavelength of 800-1000 nanometers (nm), inclusive.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the laser is a direct diode laser.
22 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first laser weld is formed to penetrate to a weld depth (D 1 ) that is at least 60% of a maximum thickness of the first and second workpieces, and the second laser weld is formed to penetrate to a weld depth (D 2 ) that is at least 40% of the maximum thickness of the first and second workpieces.
23 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the overlap zone comprises 20-40% of a maximum thickness of the first and second workpieces.