Bio-based additive for asphalt
Compositions comprising asphalt and corn oil are provided, as are the shingles made using the compositions, methods for making the compositions, and methods for making the shingles. The compositions comprise mixtures of asphalt and corn oil, and the mixtures are oxidized to attain desirable properties.
1. A shingle coating composition comprising an oxidized mixture of asphalt and about 0.1% to about 10% by weight corn oil, wherein the corn oil is obtained as a byproduct of fermentation and includes less than about 15% w/w of free fatty acids and about 10% w/w to about 20% w/w of fatty acid alkyl esters and wherein the corn oil is added to the asphalt prior to oxidation.
2. A shingle comprising a base and a coating on the base, the coating comprising an oxidized mixture of asphalt and about 0.1% to about 10% by weight corn oil, wherein the corn oil is obtained as a byproduct of fermentation and includes less than about 15% w/w of free fatty acids and about 10% w/w to about 20% w/w of fatty acid alkyl esters and wherein the corn oil is added to the asphalt prior to oxidation.
3. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of fiberglass sheets, organic felts, ceramic fiber base, or polymer fiber material.
4. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the coating has a penetration value of at least about 15 dmm.
5. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the coating has a softening point between about 190° F. and about 235° F.
6. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the coating has a penetration value of about 17 dmm and softening point of about 211° F.
7. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the coating exhibits a reduced viscosity relative to a shingle coating composition without corn oil.
8. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the flashpoint of the coating is reduced no more than about 10% relative to a coating without corn oil.
9. The shingle of claim 2 , wherein the flashpoint of the coating is reduced no more than about 5% relative to a coating without corn oil.
10. The shingle coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition includes about 0.1 to about 5% w/w of the free fatty acids.
11. The shingle coating composition of claim 10 , wherein the free fatty acids include arachidic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and combinations thereof.
12. The shingle coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid alkyl esters include fatty acid ethyl esters.
13. The shingle coating composition of claim 12 , wherein the fatty acid ethyl esters include ethyl linoleate, ethyl linolenate, ethyl oleate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl stearate, and combinations thereof.
14. The shingle coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating has a penetration value of at least about 15 dmm, a softening point of about 190° F. to about 235° F., and a melt viscosity at 400° F. of 150 cps to 450 cps.
15. The shingle coating composition of claim 14 , wherein the mixture includes about 1 to about 3% by weight of the corn oil.
16. The shingle coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the mixture of asphalt and corn oil is oxidized with nitrogen oxygen, carbon dioxide, chlorine, or combination thereof without use of a catalyst.
17. A method for forming a shingle, the method comprising:
(i) coating a base with a shingle coating composition comprising an oxidized mixture of asphalt and about 0.1% to about 10% by weight corn oil, wherein the corn oil is obtained as a byproduct of fermentation and includes less than about 15% w/w of free fatty acids and about 10% w/w to about 20% w/w of fatty acid alkyl esters and wherein the corn oil is added to the asphalt prior to oxidation; and
(ii) applying granular stone to the shingle coating composition.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of fiberglass sheets, organic felts, ceramic fiber base, or polymer fiber material.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the shingle exhibits a reduction in mass loss relative to a shingle comprising a coating without corn oil when subjected to accelerated weathering by Xenon Arc Weatherometer according to ASTM G155 for 3000 hours.