Multi-beam active phased array architecture with independent polarization control
In an exemplary embodiment, a phased array antenna comprises multiple subcircuits in communication with multiple radiating elements. The radio frequency signals are independently adjusted for both polarization control and beam steering. In a receive embodiment, multiple RF signals of various polarizations are received and combined into at least one receive beam output. In a transmit embodiment, at least one transmit beam input is divided and transmitted through multiple radiating elements, with the transmitted beams having various polarizations. In an exemplary embodiment, the phased array antenna provides multi-beam formation over multiple operating frequency bands. The wideband nature of the active components allows for operation over multiple frequency bands simultaneously.
1. A phased array circuit comprising:
a first vector generator to provide a first phase shift of a first signal communicated between a first port of a dual-polarized radiating element and a common signal path by separately performing quadrant selection via phase inversion switching for each of a first in-phase vector and a first quadrature-phase vector associated with the first signal, and separately performing relative amplification on each of the first in-phase vector and the first quadrature-phase vector of the first signal based on the first phase shift; and
a second vector generator to provide a second phase shift of a second signal communicated between a second port of the dual-polarized radiating element and the common signal path by separately performing quadrant selection via phase inversion switching for each of a second in-phase vector and a second quadrature-phase vector associated with the second signal, and separately performing relative amplification on each of the second in-phase vector and the second quadrature-phase vector of the second signal based on the second phase shift.
2. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first port and the second port of the dual-polarized radiating element are spatially orthogonal to each other.
3. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first port of the dual-polarized radiating element is associated with a first polarization, and wherein the second port of the dual-polarized radiating element is associated with a second polarization.
4. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second vector generators of the phased array circuit controls a polarization of the dual-polarized radiating element.
5. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a digital control device to communicate commands to the phased array circuit.
6. The phased array circuit of claim 5 , wherein the phased array circuit further comprises:
a first digital-to-analog converter responsive to the commands to control the first vector generator to adjust the first signal; and
a second digital-to-analog converter responsive to the commands to control the second vector generator to adjust the second signal.
7. The phased array circuit of claim 5 , wherein the commands to the phased array circuit control polarization of the dual-polarized radiating element via at least one of the first and the second vector generators.
8. The phased array circuit of claim 5 , wherein the commands to the phased array circuit steer at least one beam of the adjusted first signal and the adjusted second signal of the phased array circuit.
9. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first and second vector generators of the phased array circuit adjust phase and amplitude of the first signal and the second signal, respectively.
10. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first port of the dual-polarized radiating element corresponds to a horizontal polarization and wherein the second port of the dual-polarized radiating element corresponds to a vertical polarization.
11. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein the phased array circuit is an integrated circuit.
12. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first signal corresponds to a horizontal polarization and wherein the second signal corresponds to a vertical polarization.
13. The phased array circuit of claim 1 , wherein performing the quadrature selection for the first vector generator is based on a first command whether to invert the first in-phase vector, and a second command whether to invert the first quadrature-phase vector; and wherein performing the quadrature selection for the second vector generator is based on a third command whether to invert the second in-phase vector, and a fourth command whether to invert the second quadrature-phase vector.