Measurement of susceptibility to diabetic foot ulcers
The present disclosure provides apparatuses and methods for measuring capacitance as an indication of susceptibility to the formation of a diabetic foot ulcer.
1. A method for assessing susceptibility of foot tissue to formation of a diabetic foot ulcer, said method comprising:
obtaining a first sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) value at a first foot location of a patient using an apparatus comprising a plurality of sensors, wherein said plurality of sensors are configured to measure SEM values at respective locations of said patient's foot;
obtaining a temperature measurement at said first foot location of said patient; and
determining that said first foot location of said patient is susceptible to formation of a diabetic foot ulcer when said first SEM value differs from a first reference value by an amount greater than a first predetermined threshold and said temperature measurement differs from a second reference value by an amount greater than a second predetermined threshold.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first reference value is predetermined.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first reference value is determined by measurement of said first SEM value at a time when said first foot location of said patient is healthy.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first reference value is determined from measurements of said first SEM value at said first foot location of said patient at one or more times prior to the most recent measurement of said first SEM value.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first reference value is a measurement of a second SEM value of a second foot location of said patient that is separated from said first foot location of a said patient.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said second foot location of said patient is selected from the group consisting of a pad of one of said patient's feet and a heel of one of said patient's feet.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein said foot second location of said patient is a ball of one of said patient's feet.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein said first and second foot locations of said patient are located on one of said patient's feet.
9. The method of claim 5 , wherein said first and second foot locations of said patient are located on different feet of said patient.
10. The method of claim 5 , wherein said second foot location of said patient is known to be healthy.
11. The method of claim 5 , wherein said second SEM value is measured at approximately the same time as said first SEM value.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising treating said first foot location of said patient determined to be susceptible to formation of a diabetic foot ulcer by applying a therapeutic electrical stimulus to said first foot location of said patient, wherein said stimulus is applied for periods having a time duration and a time interval between the periods.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the time interval is in the range of hours.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the time interval is in the range of weeks.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the therapeutic electrical stimulus is a low level voltage.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the therapeutic electrical stimulus is a low level current.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first foot location of said patient is selected from the group consisting of a pad of one of said patient's feet and a heel of one of said patient's feet.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first foot location of said patient is a ball of one of said patient's feet.