Oxygen scavenging compositions requiring no induction period
The present invention provides a composition comprising: a polyester base polymer; an oxidizable polyether-based additive; and a transition metal catalyst, wherein the polyester base polymer is substantially free of antimony. Containers made include a wall made of the composition. The polyester base polymer may preferably include polyethylene terephthalate and include less than about 100 ppm of antimony, less than about 50 ppm, less than about 10 ppm, or between about 0 and about 2 ppm. Containers made from the composition are substantially clear and exhibit excellent oxygen scavenging properties with little to no induction period.
1. A bottle comprising a wall comprising at least one layer, said one layer comprising a composition, said composition comprising:
polyethylene terephthalate that is substantially free of antimony and substantially free of phosphorous;
an oxidizable polyether-based additive; and
a transition metal catalyst, wherein the transition metal catalyst comprises cobalt, wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 3.0 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day) immediately after the package is formed.
2. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than 100 ppm of antimony.
3. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than 50 ppm of antimony.
4. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than 10 ppm of antimony.
5. The bottle of claim 4 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains between about 0 ppm and about 2 ppm of antimony.
6. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive has the formula X—[R—O] n —R′—Y, wherein
R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene chain having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms;
n ranges from 4 to 100;
X and Y are selected from the group consisting of H, OH, OCOR 1 , OCOAr 1 , —OR 1 , and —OAr 1 , wherein R 1 is an alkyl group having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms and Ar 1 is an aryl group; and
R′ may be the same as R or selected from the group consisting of —[COR 2 COOR 3 O] p — and —[COAr 2 COOR 3 O] p — wherein Ar 2 is a phenylene or naphthylene group, R 2 and R 3 are C 2 to C 18 alkylene groups, and p ranges from 10 to 100.
7. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive is selected from the group consisting of polyether diols, ester capped derivatives of polyether diols, polyether-polyester block copolymers, and ether end-capped derivatives of polyether diols.
8. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive comprises polytetramethylene ether glycol.
9. The bottle of claim 8 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive comprises PTMEG-b-PET copolymer.
10. The bottle of claim 8 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive comprises polytetramethylene ether glycol dimethyl ether.
11. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein package is a monolayer package and the composition comprises up to about 1 wt. % of the oxidizable polyether-based additive.
12. The bottle of claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises up to about 0.5 wt. % of the oxidizable polyether-based additive.
13. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein package is a multilayer package, wherein the composition comprises a single layer, and wherein the composition comprises at least 0.5 wt. % of the oxidizable polyether-based additive.
14. The bottle of claim 13 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the oxidizable polyether-based additive.
15. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal catalyst comprises a carboxylate salt of cobalt.
16. The bottle of claim 15 , wherein the transition metal catalyst comprises cobalt neodecanoate.
17. The bottle of claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than about 10 ppm of phosphorous.
18. The bottle of claim 17 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than about 5 ppm of phosphorous.
19. The bottle of claim 1 wherein the wall is a monolayer wall.
20. The bottle of claim 1 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 1.7 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
21. A bottle comprising a wall comprising at least one layer, said one layer comprising a composition, said composition comprising:
polyethylene terephthalate that is substantially free of antimony;
an oxidizable polyether-based additive; and
a transition metal catalyst, wherein the transition metal catalyst comprises cobalt, wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 3.0 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day) immediately after the package is formed.
22. The bottle of claim 21 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than 100 ppm of antimony.
23. The bottle of claim 22 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than 50 ppm of antimony.
24. The bottle of claim 23 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains less than 10 ppm of antimony.
25. The bottle of claim 24 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate contains between about 0 ppm and about 2 ppm of antimony.
26. The bottle of claim 21 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive has the formula X—[R—O] n —R′—Y, wherein
R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene chain having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms;
n ranges from 4 to 100;
X and Y are selected from the group consisting of H, OH, —OCOR 1 , —OCOAr 1 , —OR 1 , and —OAr 1 , wherein R 1 is an alkyl group having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms and Ar 1 is an aryl group; and
R′ may be the same as R or selected from the group consisting of —[COR 2 COOR 3 O] p — and —[COAr 2 COOR 3 O] p — wherein Ar 2 is a phenylene or naphthylene group, R 2 and R 3 are C 2 to C 18 alkylene groups, and p ranges from 10 to 100.
27. The bottle of claim 21 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive is selected from the group consisting of polyether diols, ester capped derivatives of polyether diols, polyether-polyester block copolymers, and ether end-capped derivatives of polyether diols.
28. The bottle of claim 21 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive comprises polytetramethylene ether glycol.
29. The bottle of claim 28 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive comprises PTMEG-b-PET copolymer.
30. The bottle of claim 28 , wherein the oxidizable polyether-based additive comprises polytetramethylene ether glycol dimethyl ether.
31. The bottle of claim 21 , wherein package is a monolayer package and the composition comprises up to about 1 wt. % of the oxidizable polyether-based additive.
32. The bottle of claim 21 wherein the wall is a monolayer wall.
33. The bottle of claim 20 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 0.7 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
34. The bottle of claim 33 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 0.2 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
35. The bottle of claim 34 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 0.03 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
36. The bottle of claim 21 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 1.7 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
37. The bottle of claim 36 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 0.7 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
38. The bottle of claim 37 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 0.2 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).
39. The bottle of claim 38 wherein the wall has an oxygen permeability of not more than about 0.03 cm 3 mm/(m 2 atm day).