High strength 6xxx aluminum alloys and methods of making the same
Provided are new high strength 6xxx aluminum alloys and methods of making aluminum sheets thereof. These aluminum sheets may be used to fabricate components which may replace steel in a variety of applications including the transportation industry. In some examples, the disclosed high strength 6xxx alloys can replace high strength steels with aluminum. In one example, steels having a yield strength below 340 MPa may be replaced with the disclosed 6xxx aluminum alloys without the need for major design modifications.
1. A method of making an aluminum alloy sheet, comprising:
direct chill casting a 6xxx aluminum alloy to produce a direct chill cast 6xxx aluminum alloy, wherein the 6xxx aluminum alloy comprises 0.02-0.15 wt. % Cr, 0.4-1.0 wt. % Cu, 0.10-0.30 wt. % Fe, 0.8-2.0 wt. % Mg, 0.10-0.30 wt. % Mn, 0.8-1.4 wt. % Si, 0.005-0.15 wt. % Ti, 0.01-3 wt. % Zn, and up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, remainder aluminum;
homogenizing the direct chill cast 6xxx aluminum alloy at a homogenization temperature from 510° C. to 590° C.;
maintaining the direct chill cast 6xxx aluminum alloy at the homogenization temperature to produce a homogenized 6xxx aluminum alloy;
laying down the homogenized 6xxx aluminum alloy to a target laydown temperature from 420° ° C. to 480° C.;
hot rolling the homogenized 6xxx aluminum alloy to produce an aluminum alloy sheet, having a thickness up to 18 mm, wherein the aluminum alloy sheet has a hot roll exit temperature from 300° C. to 400° C.;
solution heat treating the aluminum alloy sheet at a solution heat treatment temperature from 510° C. to 590° C.;
quenching the aluminum alloy sheet from the solution heat treatment temperature to ambient temperature;
cold rolling the aluminum alloy sheet to a final gauge after quenching, wherein the cold rolling reduces the thickness of the aluminum alloy sheet in a range from 10% to 45% to the final gauge; and
artificially aging the aluminum alloy sheet at an artificial aging temperature from 160° C. to 240° C. for 0.5 to 6 hours,
wherein the aluminum alloy sheet has a yield strength of at least 300 MPa and an elongation of at least 10%.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum alloy sheet is maintained at the artificial aging temperature of 200° C. for 0.5 to 6 hours.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein a % cold work (CW) in the cold rolling step is from 10% to 20%.
4. A 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet produced by the method of claim 1 , wherein a minimum r/t ratio of the 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet is about 1.2 without cracking.
5. A 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet produced by the method of claim 1 , wherein the 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet has a final gauge between 2-14 mm.
6. A 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet produced by the method of claim 1 , wherein the 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet has a final gauge below 1 mm.
7. A method of making an aluminum alloy sheet, comprising:
continuously casting a 6xxx aluminum alloy to produce a continuously cast 6xxx aluminum alloy;
hot rolling the continuously cast 6xxx aluminum alloy to produce an aluminum alloy sheet;
solution heat treating the aluminum alloy sheet at a solution heat treatment temperature;
quenching the aluminum alloy sheet from the solution heat treatment temperature to ambient temperature;
cold rolling the aluminum alloy sheet to a final gauge after quenching, wherein the cold rolling reduces the thickness of the aluminum alloy sheet in a range from 10% to 45% to the final gauge; and
artificially aging the aluminum alloy sheet at an artificial aging temperature from 160° C. to 240° C. for 0.5 to 6 hours,
wherein the 6xxx aluminum alloy comprises 0.02-0.15 wt. % Cr, 0.4-1.0 wt. % Cu, 0.10-0.30 wt. % Fe, 0.8-2.0 wt. % Mg, 0.10-0.30 wt. % Mn, 0.8-1.4 wt. % Si, 0.005-0.15 wt. % Ti, 1.0-3.0 wt. % Zn, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum;
wherein the aluminum alloy sheet has a yield strength of at least 300 MPa and an elongation of at least 10%.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aluminum alloy sheet is maintained at the artificial aging temperature of 200° ° C. for 0.5 to 6 hours.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein a % cold work (CW) is from 10% to 30%.
10. A 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet produced by the method of claim 7 , wherein a minimum r/t ratio of the 6xxx aluminum alloy sheet is about 1.2 without cracking.