Wavelength multiplexing in waveguides
A stacked waveguide assembly can have multiple waveguide stacks. Each waveguide stack can include a plurality of waveguides, where a first waveguide stack may be associated with a first subcolor of each of three different colors, and a second waveguide stack may be associated with a second subcolor of each of the three different colors. For example, the first stack of waveguides can incouple blue, green, and red light at 440 nm, 520 nm, and 650 nm, respectively. The second stack of waveguides can incouple blue, green, and red light at 450 nm, 530 nm, and 660 nm, respectively.
1. A display comprising:
a first waveguide stack comprising a first plurality of waveguides, the first plurality of waveguides comprising a first waveguide configured to propagate light at a first subcolor of a first color, and a second waveguide configured to propagate light at a second subcolor of a second color different from the first color;
a second waveguide stack comprising a second plurality of waveguides, the second plurality of waveguides comprising a third waveguide configured to propagate light at a third subcolor of the first color different from the first subcolor, and a fourth waveguide configured to propagate light at a fourth subcolor of the second color different from the second subcolor; and
an incoupling optical system configured to incouple light into the first waveguide stack and the second waveguide stack, the incoupling optical system comprising:
a first incoupling optical element configured to couple light at the first subcolor into the first waveguide; and
a second incoupling optical element configured to couple light at the second subcolor into the second waveguide,
wherein the first and second waveguide stacks are configured to provide light to a user with different amounts of divergence, respectively, such that image content appears to the user at different depths for the first waveguide stack as compared to the second waveguide stack.
2. The display of claim 1 , wherein the first waveguide stack comprises an outcoupling optical element configured to couple light out of the first waveguide stack.
3. The display of claim 2 , wherein the first incoupling optical element or the second incoupling optical element comprises a diffractive optical element.
4. The display of claim 3 , wherein the diffractive optical element comprises a hologram.
5. The display of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first waveguide stack and the second waveguide stack further comprises a preliminary light filter system.
6. The display of claim 5 , wherein the preliminary light filter system comprises a grating.
7. The display of claim 1 , wherein the first incoupling optical element is configured to transmit light having a peak wavelength different from a peak wavelength of the first subcolor by less than 120 nm.
8. The display of claim 1 , wherein the first incoupling optical element is configured to transmit light having a width of a wavelength distribution not greater than about 5-55 nm.
9. The display of claim 1 , wherein the first incoupling optical element is configured to transmit light having a width of a wavelength distribution profile not greater than about 220 nm.
10. The display of claim 1 , wherein one of the first and second waveguide stacks is configured to deliver diverging light to the user and the other of the first and second waveguide stacks is configured to deliver collimated light to the user.
11. A waveguide assembly comprising:
a first waveguide stack configured to receive light at first and second subcolors, wherein the first and second subcolors are not subcolors of the same color, the first waveguide stack comprising:
a first waveguide comprising a first grating system configured to incouple light at the first subcolor; and
a second waveguide comprising a second grating system, the second waveguide configured to incouple light at the second subcolor, and
a second waveguide stack configured to receive light at third and fourth subcolors, wherein the third and fourth subcolors are not subcolors of the same color, the second waveguide stack comprising:
a third waveguide comprising a third grating system configured to incouple light at the third subcolor; and
a fourth waveguide comprising a fourth grating system, the fourth waveguide configured to incouple light at the fourth subcolor,
wherein the first and second waveguide stacks are configured to provide light to a user with different amounts of divergence, respectively, such that image content appears to the user at different depths for the first waveguide stack as compared to the second waveguide stack, wherein said first and third subcolors are of the same color and wherein said second and fourth subcolors are of the same color.
12. The waveguide assembly of claim 11 , wherein the first waveguide stack or the second waveguide stack comprises an incoupling optical element.
13. The waveguide assembly of claim 12 , wherein the incoupling optical element comprises a diffractive optical element.
14. The waveguide assembly of claim 13 , wherein the diffractive optical element comprises a grating.
15. The waveguide assembly of claim 11 , further comprising a preliminary light filter system comprising a reflective optical element.
16. The waveguide assembly of claim 11 , further comprising a light source configured to emit light at the first, the second, the third, and the fourth subcolors.
17. The waveguide assembly of claim 11 , wherein one of the first and second waveguide stacks is configured to deliver diverging light to the user and the other of the first and second waveguide stacks is configured to deliver collimated light to the user.
18. A wavelength multiplexing assembly comprising:
a light source that emits a plurality of subcolors at a first color and a plurality of subcolors at a second color;
a first waveguide stack configured to incouple light at a first subcolor of the first color and at a first subcolor of the second color, the first waveguide stack comprising:
a first waveguide configured to incouple light at the first subcolor of the first color; and
a second waveguide configured to incouple light at the first subcolor of the second color; and
a second waveguide stack configured to incouple light at a second subcolor of the first color and at a second subcolor of the second color, the second waveguide stack comprising:
a third waveguide configured to incouple light at the second subcolor of the first color; and
a fourth waveguide configured to incouple light at the second subcolor of the second color,
wherein the first and second waveguide stacks are configured to provide light to a user with different amounts of divergence, respectively, such that image content appears to the user at different depths for the first waveguide stack as compared to the second waveguide stack.
19. The wavelength multiplexing assembly of claim 18 , wherein the first waveguide, the second waveguide, the third waveguide, or the fourth waveguide comprises an incoupling optical element, a light distributing element, or an outcoupling optical element.
20. The wavelength multiplexing assembly of claim 19 , wherein the incoupling optical element, the light distributing element, or the outcoupling optical element comprises a diffractive optical element.
21. The wavelength multiplexing assembly of claim 20 , wherein the diffractive optical element comprises a switchable diffractive optical element.
22. The wavelength multiplexing assembly of claim 18 , wherein the wavelength multiplexing assembly further comprises a preliminary light filter system comprising a refractive optical element.
23. The wavelength multiplexing assembly claim 18 , wherein one of the first and second waveguide stacks is configured to deliver diverging light to the user and the other of the first and second waveguide stacks is configured to deliver collimated light to the user.