Adiabatic polarization rotator-splitter
Various polarization rotator splitter (PRS) configurations are disclosed. In an example embodiment, a system includes a PRS that includes a silicon nitride (SiN) rib waveguide core that includes a rib and a ridge that extends vertically above the rib, the SiN rib waveguide core having a total height h SiN from a bottom of the rib to a top of the ridge, a rib height h rib from the bottom of the rib to a top of the rib, a rib width w rib , and a top width w SiN of the ridge. The rib width w rib varies along at least a portion of a length of the SiN rib waveguide core.
1. A system that includes a polarization rotator sputter (PRS), the PRS comprising:
a first stage of the PRS, including:
a silicon nitride (SiN) strip waveguide comprising a SiN strip waveguide core with a rectangular cross-sectional shape with a height h SiN and a width W SiN ; and
a silicon (Si) strip waveguide comprising a Si strip waveguide core disposed beneath the SiN strip waveguide core;
wherein: the SiN strip waveguide core includes an overlap portion, an input portion continuous with a first end of the overlap portion, and an output portion continuous with a second end of the overlap portion; the Si strip waveguide core is disposed exclusively beneath the overlap portion of the SiN strip waveguide core; and the overlap portion of the SiN strip waveguide core laterally tapers outward from the first end of the overlap portion to the second end of the overlap portion; and
a second stage, including:
a first strip waveguide core continuous with the SiN strip waveguide core and that laterally tapers inward from a first end of the first strip waveguide core to a second end of the first strip waveguide core; and
a second strip waveguide core spaced apart from the first strip waveguide core by a gap width W gap , the second strip waveguide core tapering outward from a first end of the second strip waveguide core to a second end of the second strip waveguide core.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the SiN strip waveguide and the Si strip waveguide form a SiN—Si superstructure; and
the SiN—Si superstructure has a hybridization point along its length at which structural geometry of the SiN—Si superstructure supports two different polarization modes and it is more adiabatically favorable to be in one of the two different polarization modes over the other.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the SiN—Si superstructure is configured to convert a TM polarization of light traveling through the SiN—Si superstructure to a TE polarization of light.
4. The system of claim 1 , the PRS further comprising a third stage that includes:
a first S-bend waveguide core continuous with the first strip waveguide core; and
a second S-bend waveguide core continuous with the second strip waveguide core,
wherein output ends of the first and second S-bend waveguide cores are laterally separated by a greater distance than input ends of the first and second S-bend waveguide cores.
5. The system of claim 1 ,
wherein the first stage is configured to:
receive incoming light that includes a first component with a TE00 polarization and a second component with a TM00 polarization; and
convert polarization of the second component from the TM00 polarization to a TE01 polarization;
wherein the second stage is configured to:
receive from the first stage the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE01 polarization;
output the first component with the TE00 polarization from a first intermediate output;
convert polarization of the second component from the TE01 polarization to TE00 polarization; and
output the second component with the TE00 polarization from a second intermediate output different than the first intermediate output; and
wherein a third stage of the PRS is configured to:
receive from the second stage the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE00 polarization;
spatially separate the first component from the second component; and
output the first component with the TE00 polarization from a first output of the PRS and output the second component with the TE00 polarization from a second output of the PRS.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the PRS comprises:
a rib waveguide core that includes both a rib and a ridge in the first stage; and
two strip waveguide cores in the second and third stages.
7. The system of claim 1 ,
wherein the first stage is configured to:
receive incoming light that includes a first component with a TE00 polarization and a second component with a TM00 polarization; and
convert polarization of the second component from the TM00 polarization to a TE01 polarization; and
wherein the second stage is configured to:
receive from the first stage the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE01 polarization;
output the first component with the TE00 polarization from a first intermediate output;
convert polarization of the second component from the TE01 polarization to TE00 polarization; and
output the second component with the TE00 polarization from a second intermediate output different than the first intermediate output.
8. The system of claim 7 , further comprising a third stage of the PRS configured to:
receive from the second stage the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE00 polarization;
spatially separate the first component from the second component; and
output the first component with the TE00 polarization from a first output of the PRS and output the second component with the TE00 polarization from a second output of the PRS.