System for and method of stabilizing rail track structures using a load transfer apparatus
A system for and method of stabilizing rail track structures using a load transfer apparatus is disclosed. The load transfer apparatus includes a vertical load transfer element and a top load transfer element, wherein the top load transfer element is used to transfer applied locomotive and rail car loads to the vertical load transfer element. In one embodiment, the top load transfer element includes helical flights. In another embodiment, the top load transfer element includes a flared top. In yet another embodiment, the top load transfer element includes a load transfer cap. In a further embodiment, the top load transfer element includes two or more support legs each with a top support attached thereto. The railroad stabilization system can comprise any one type or any combinations of types of the aforementioned load transfer apparatuses.
1. A system for stabilizing railroad ties and rails, the system comprising:
a) a vertical load transfer element; and
b) a top load transfer element wherein the top load transfer element comprises a flared top attached to an upper portion of the vertical load transfer element and further wherein the flared top is configured to be compressible to a substantially oval shape when driven between the railroad ties and is configured to be subsequently expandable to the flared top's substantially original shape once driven below the railroad ties; and
wherein the vertical load transfer element and top load transfer element transfer the load applied to the railroad ties and rails to less compressible underlying soils.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the vertical load transfer element comprises a pile.
3. The system of claim 2 where the pile comprises any one of a concrete pile, steel pile, timber pile, or composite pile.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein the vertical load transfer element comprises an extensible shell defining an interior for holding granular construction material and defining an opening for receiving the granular construction material into the interior, wherein the shell is flexible such that the shell expands laterally outward when granular construction material is compacted in the interior of the shell.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein the extensible shell has a diameter in the range of 3 to 12 inches (7.6 to 30.5 cm).
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the top load transfer element comprises helical flights attached to an upper portion of the vertical load transfer element.
7. The system of claim 6 wherein the helical flights of the top load transfer element comprise a pitch and width configured depending on the size and spacing of the railroad ties.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the top load transfer element comprises a load transfer cap attached to an upper portion of the vertical load transfer element.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein the load transfer cap is constructed of a material comprising any one of steel, concrete, aluminum, other metals, plastic, wood, or composite materials.
10. The system of claim 8 wherein the load transfer cap has a diameter larger than a diameter of the vertical load transfer element.
11. The system of claim 8 wherein the load transfer cap further comprises an upwardly projecting lip around a perimeter thereof for acting as a lateral restraint.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein the top load transfer element extends in a horizontal direction away from a vertical axis of the vertical load transfer element.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein the flared top is substantially circular.
14. The system of claim 12 wherein the flared top comprises an articulated shape.
15. The system of claim 12 wherein the flared top is constructed of a flexible material.
16. The system of claim 15 wherein the flexible material comprises any one of steel, aluminum, other metals, plastic, or composite materials.
17. The system of claim 12 wherein the flared top further comprises one or more vertical slots.
18. The system of claim 1 wherein the top load transfer element comprises two or more support legs each with a top support attached thereto.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein the top load transfer element is constructed of a flexible material.
20. The system of claim 19 wherein the flexible material comprises any one of steel, aluminum, other metals, plastic, or composite materials.
21. A method of stabilizing existing rail track structures, the method comprising:
a) identifying a section of rail track structure to be stabilized;
b) providing one or more load transfer apparatuses of a system for stabilizing railroad ties and rails according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses comprises a vertical load transfer element and a top load transfer element;
c) installing the one or more load transfer apparatuses in one or more gaps between adjacent railroad ties within the rail track structure; and
d) compressing the flared top to a substabtially oval shape when driven between the railroad ties and subsequently expanding the flared top to the flared top's substantially original shape once driven below the railroad ties.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses comprise an extensible shell defining an interior for holding granular construction material and defining an opening for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and further including the step of filling the load transfer apparatuses with granular material and compacting the material.
23. A method of stabilizing a rail track structure, the method comprising:
a) identifying an area to be stabilized on which a railroad track and associated railroad ties will be installed;
b) providing one or more load transfer apparatuses of a system for stabilizing railroad ties and rails according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses comprises a vertical load transfer element and a top load transfer element;
c) installing the one or more load transfer apparatuses prior to installing the railroad ties and track, wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses are installed at certain locations relative to expected locations of the railroad ties; and
d) installing the railroad ties and track atop the one or more load transfer apparatuses.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses comprise an extensible shell defining an interior for holding granular construction material and defining an opening for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and further including the step of filling the load transfer apparatuses with granular material and compacting the material.
25. A method of stabilizing a rail track structure, the method comprising:
a) identifying an area of railroad track and associated railroad ties to be stabilized;
b) providing one or more load transfer apparatuses of a system for stabilizing railroad ties and rails according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses comprises a vertical load transfer element and a top load transfer element;
c) removing the railroad track and associated railroad ties;
d) installing the one or more load transfer apparatuses wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses are installed at certain locations relative to expected locations of the railroad ties to be re-installed; and
e) re-installing the railroad ties and track atop the one or more load transfer apparatuses.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the one or more load transfer apparatuses comprise an extensible shell defining an interior for holding granular construction material and defining an opening for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and further including the step of filling the load transfer apparatuses with granular material and compacting the material.