Virus and antigen purification and conjugation
Disclosed herein are methods of forming compounds and exemplary compounds in the nature of a conjugated compound demonstrating enhanced stability, which in some embodiments comprises a protein and virus particle mixed in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture, such that the conditions and steps of forming these products allow for unrefrigerated storage for longer time periods than previous approaches, thus making feasible access to such products over a global supply chain.
1. A method for enhancing a measure of stability of a conjugated compound comprising a protein and a virus particle, the method comprising:
activating the virus particle; and
then mixing the virus particle and the protein in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture,
wherein when placed in an unrefrigerated environment at a storage temperature for a time period, an integrity or a concentration of the conjugate mixture is at least 90% of an initial integrity or an initial concentration of the conjugate mixture, wherein the time period is at least 42 days after a release date of the conjugate mixture.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein activating the virus particle comprises exposing the virus particle to a pH of about 5.5 or less.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the storage temperature is at least 20° C.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the virus particle is an enveloped virus.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protein is an antigen.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the antigen is hemagglutinin antigen.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time period is at least 90 days after the release date of the conjugate mixture.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time period is at least 180 days after the release date of the conjugate mixture.
9. A method for enhancing a measure of stability of a conjugated compound comprising a protein and a virus, the method comprising:
activating the virus; and
then mixing the virus and the protein in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture,
wherein when placed in an unrefrigerated environment at a storage temperature for a time period, an integrity or a concentration of the conjugate mixture is at least 90% of an initial integrity or an initial concentration of the conjugate mixture, wherein the time period is at least 42 days after a release date of the conjugate mixture.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein activating the virus comprises exposing the virus to a pH of about 5.5 or less.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the storage temperature is at least 20° C.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the virus is tobacco mosaic virus.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the protein is an antigen.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the antigen is hemagglutinin antigen.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the time period is at least 90 days after the release date of the conjugate mixture.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the time period is at least 180 days after the release date of the conjugate mixture.
17. A method for enhancing a measure of stability of a conjugated compound comprising a protein and a virus particle, the method comprising:
activating the virus particle and then mixing the virus particle and an antigen in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture,
wherein when placed in an unrefrigerated environment at a storage temperature and after a time period of at least 42 days following a release date of the conjugate mixture, the conjugate mixture demonstrates a stability that exceeds an initial stability of the conjugate mixture stability for the antigen alone as measured by one or more of antigen concentration, antigen integrity, or antigen potency.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the storage temperature is at least 20° C.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the antigen is hemagglutinin antigen.
20. The method of claim 17 , where the virus particle is tobacco mosaic virus.
21. The method of claim 17 , wherein the time period is at least 90 days after the release date of the conjugate mixture.
22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the time period is at least 180 days after the release date of the conjugate mixture.
23. The method of claim 17 , wherein activating the virus particle is by exposing the virus particle to a pH of about 5.5 or less.
24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the measure of stability is antigen concentration, and a difference between concentration of the conjugate mixture and concentration of the antigen alone is at least 10%.
25. The method of claim 17 , wherein the measure of stability is antigen integrity, and a difference between integrity of the conjugate mixture and integrity of the antigen alone is at least 10%.
26. The method of claim 17 , wherein the measure of stability is antigen potency, and a difference between potency of the conjugate mixture and potency of the antigen alone is at least 10%.
27. The method of claim 17 , wherein the measure of stability is antigen potency, and a storage potency of the conjugate mixture at the end of the time period is at least 70% of an initial potency of the conjugate mixture.