IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,246,143
Granted Patent B2
US 12,246,143 · App. 16/712,774 · Granted Mar 11, 2025

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for guide wire delivery

Inventors: Stephen A. Leeflang (Sunnyvale, CA); Christian S. Eversull (Palo Alto, CA)
Assignee: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
A61M25/0127A61M25/0026A61M25/01A61M25/0113A61B2017/00876A61B2018/00351A61B2018/00577A61B18/1492A61B2090/3966A61B2218/002A61B2218/007A61M2025/0004A61M25/0068A61M25/0082A61M25/0097A61M25/0133A61M2025/0175A61M25/065A61M2210/122
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,246,143
App. No.
16/712,774
Granted
Mar 11, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

An apparatus includes a first catheter defining a first longitudinal axis and a first lumen. A first actuator can be coupled to the first catheter and configured to rotate about the first longitudinal axis to deflect a distal end of the first catheter relative to the first longitudinal axis. A second catheter can define a second longitudinal axis and a second lumen. At least a portion of the second catheter can be configured to slide within the first lumen. A magnetic member can be coupled to a distal end of the second catheter. The magnetic member can define a third lumen. The third lumen can be in fluid communication with the second lumen. A second actuator can be coupled to the second catheter and configured to move linearly along the second longitudinal axis so as to vary a spacing between the magnetic member and the first catheter.

Claims (57)

1. A method, comprising:

inserting a first device into pericardial tissue of a heart of a subject such that a distal end of the first device is disposed within a pericardial space of the heart and on a first side of a first pericardial reflection, the first device including:

a first handle;

a first catheter coupled to the first handle and defining a first longitudinal axis and a first lumen therethrough, the first catheter having a distal end portion terminating in a distal end, the first catheter coupled to a first actuator that is movably coupled to and rotatable relative to the first handle and is configured to deflect the distal end portion of the first catheter;

a second catheter having an outer diameter and defining a second longitudinal axis and a second lumen therethrough, the second catheter coupled to a second actuator that is coupled to the first handle and is configured to be movable linearly relative to the first handle, wherein at least a portion of the second catheter is configured to slide within the first lumen; and

a first magnetic member coupled to a distal end of the second catheter and positioned distally of the distal end of the first catheter, the first magnetic member defining a third lumen therethrough, wherein the third lumen is in fluid communication with the second lumen, the first magnetic member having a distal surface having a first shape, the first magnetic member having a diameter greater than the outer diameter, wherein linear movement of the second actuator relative to the first handle varies a spacing between the first magnetic member and the distal end of the first catheter;

inserting a second device into the pericardia! tissue of the heart such that a distal end of the second device is disposed within the pericardial space on a second side of the first pericardial reflection opposite the first side, the second device including:

a second handle;

a fourth catheter coupled to the second handle and defining a fourth longitudinal axis and a fourth lumen therethrough, the fourth catheter having a distal end portion terminating in a distal end, the fourth catheter coupled to a third actuator that is movably coupled to and rotatable relative to the second handle and is configured to deflect the distal end portion of the fourth catheter;

a fifth catheter having an outer diameter and defining a fifth longitudinal axis and a fifth lumen therethrough, the fifth catheter coupled to a fourth actuator that is coupled to the second handle and is configured to be movable linearly relative to the second handle, wherein at least a portion of the fifth catheter is configured to slide within the fourth lumen; and

a second magnetic member coupled to a distal end of the fifth catheter, the second magnetic member defining a sixth lumen therethrough, wherein the sixth lumen is in fluid communication with the fifth lumen, the second magnetic member having a distal surface having a second shape that is different than and complimentary to the first shape, and wherein linear movement of the fourth actuator relative to the second handle varies a spacing between the second magnetic member and the distal end of the second catheter;

actuating the second actuator to advance the first magnetic member relative to the distal end of the first catheter to place the first magnetic member close to the first side of the first pericardial reflection;

actuating the fourth actuator to advance the second magnetic member relative to the distal end of the fourth catheter to place the second magnetic member close to the second side of the first pericardial reflection such that the first magnetic member couples to the second magnetic member across the first pericardial reflection via a magnetic force when the first magnetic member is close to the first side of the first pericardial reflection and the second magnetic member is close to the second side of the first pericardial reflection, and wherein the first shape of the distal surface of the first magnetic member and the second shape of the distal surface of the second magnetic member are configured to align the third lumen and the sixth lumen when the first and second magnetic members are magnetically coupled;

creating a first opening in the first pericardial reflection;

advancing a guide wire through the third lumen and extended into at least a portion of the sixth lumen through the first opening in the first pericardial reflection;

advancing a portion of the first catheter, the second catheter and the first magnetic member through the first opening and the first pericardial reflection over the guidewire;

with the first catheter and the second catheter extending through the first opening and the first pericardial reflection, advancing the second catheter and the first magnetic member to a first side of a second pericardial reflection;

repositioning the fourth catheter and the fifth catheter to place the second magnetic member close to a second side of the second pericardial reflection such that the first magnetic member magnetically couples to the second magnetic member across the second pericardial reflection;

creating a second opening in the second pericardial reflection; and

advancing the guide wire through the third lumen, the second pericardial reflection, and into the sixth lumen through the second opening in the second pericardial reflection.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising dilating the first opening in the first pericardial reflection.

3. The method of claim 1 , comprising advancing a crossing wire through the third lumen to create the first opening in the first pericardial reflection, and further comprising withdrawing the crossing wire from the first pericardial reflection and the third lumen.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising fluoroscopically imaging the first and second devices disposed within the pericardial space.

5. A method, comprising:

inserting a first device into pericardial tissue of a heart of a subject such that a distal end of the first device is disposed within a pericardial space of the heart and on a first side of a first pericardial reflection, the first device including:

a first handle;

a first catheter coupled to the first handle and defining a first longitudinal axis and a first lumen therethrough, the first catheter having a distal end portion terminating in a distal end, the first catheter coupled to a first actuator that is movably coupled to and rotatable relative to the first handle and is configured to deflect the distal end portion of the first catheter;

a second catheter having an outer diameter and defining a second longitudinal axis and a second lumen therethrough, the second catheter coupled to a second actuator that is coupled to the first handle and is configured to be movable linearly relative to the first handle, wherein at least a portion of the second catheter is configured to slide within the first lumen; and

a first magnetic member coupled to a distal end of the second catheter and positioned distally of the distal end of the first catheter, the first magnetic member defining a third lumen therethrough, wherein the third lumen is in fluid communication with the second lumen, the first magnetic member having a distal surface having a first shape, the first magnetic member having a diameter greater than the outer diameter, wherein linear movement of the second actuator relative to the first handle varies a spacing between the first magnetic member and the distal end of the first catheter;

inserting a second device into the pericardial tissue of the heart such that a distal end of the second device is disposed within the pericardial space on a second side of the first pericardial reflection opposite the first side, the second device including:

a second handle;

a fourth catheter coupled to the second handle and defining a fourth longitudinal axis and a fourth lumen therethrough, the fourth catheter having a distal end portion terminating in a distal end, the fourth catheter coupled to a third actuator that is movably coupled to and rotatable relative to the second handle and is configured to deflect the distal end portion of the fourth catheter;

a fifth catheter having an outer diameter and defining a fifth longitudinal axis and a fifth lumen therethrough, the fifth catheter coupled to a fourth actuator that is coupled to the second handle and is configured to be movable linearly relative to the second handle, wherein at least a portion of the fifth catheter is configured to slide within the fourth lumen; and

a second magnetic member coupled to a distal end of the fifth catheter, the second magnetic member defining a sixth lumen therethrough, wherein the sixth lumen is in fluid communication with the fifth lumen, the second magnetic member having a distal surface having a second shape that is different than and complimentary to the first shape, and wherein linear movement of the fourth actuator relative to the second handle varies a spacing between the second magnetic member and the distal end of the fourth catheter;

actuating the second actuator to advance the first magnetic member relative to the distal end of the first catheter to place the first magnetic member close to the first side of the first pericardial reflection;

actuating the fourth actuator to advance the second magnetic member relative to the distal end of the fourth catheter to place the second magnetic member close to the second side of the first pericardial reflection such that the first magnetic member couples to the second magnetic member across the first pericardial reflection via a magnetic force when the first magnetic member is close to the first side of the first pericardial reflection and the second magnetic member is close to the second side of the first pericardial reflection;

advancing a crossing wire through the third lumen, the first pericardial reflection, and at least a portion of the sixth lumen to create an opening in the first pericardial reflection; and

delivering a guidewire through the third lumen, the opening in the first pericardial reflection, the opening in the second pericardial reflection, and the sixth lumen;

advancing a portion of the first catheter, the second catheter, and the first magnetic member through the opening and the first pericardial reflection over the guidewire;

advancing the distal end of the first device through the opening in the first pericardial reflection to a first side of a second pericardial reflection;

advancing the distal end of the second device on a second side of the second pericardial reflection;

advancing the first magnetic member to place the first magnetic member close to the first side of the second pericardial reflection;

advancing the second magnetic member to place the second magnetic member close to the second side of the second pericardial reflection such that the first magnetic member couples to the second magnetic member across the second pericardial reflection via a magnetic force when the first magnetic member is close to the first side of the second pericardial reflection and the second magnetic member is close to the second side of the first second reflection, and wherein the first shape of the distal surface of the first magnetic member and the second shape of the distal surface of the second magnetic member are configured to align the third lumen and the sixth lumen when the first and second magnetic members are magnetically coupled;

advancing the crossing wire through the third lumen, the second pericardial reflection, and at least a portion of the sixth lumen to create an opening in the second pericardial reflection;

and

advancing the portion of one of the first and second magnetic members through the opening and the second pericardial reflection.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising withdrawing the crossing wire from the second pericardial reflection and the third lumen.

7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising withdrawing the first and second devices from a body of a subject while leaving the guidewire in place.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising advancing an ablation device over the guidewire and through the openings in the first and second pericardial reflections.

9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising at least partially encircling left and right pulmonary veins with the ablation device.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the ablation device comprises an ablation catheter.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising forming a circumferential ablation lesion using the ablation catheter.

12. The method of claim 5 , further comprising advancing a guidewire through the first lumen and the second pericardial reflection such that a portion of the guidewire is disposed on the second side of the second pericardial reflection.

13. The method of claim 5 , further comprising dilating the opening in the second pericardial reflection.

14. The method of claim 5 , wherein inserting the first and second devices into the pericardial tissue includes inserting an introducer catheter into a body of a subject.

15. The method of claim 5 , wherein inserting the first device into the pericardial tissue includes advancing the first device along a transverse sinus of the heart.

16. The method of claim 5 , wherein inserting the second device into the pericardial tissue includes advancing the second device along an oblique sinus of the heart.

Assignments (4)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jul 21, 2022
From: FARAPULSE, INC.
To: BOSTON SCIENTIFIC SCIMED, INC.
Reel/Frame 060802/0286 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Aug 25, 2020
From: FARAPULSE, INC.
To: BOSTON SCIENTIFIC SCIMED, INC.
Reel/Frame 053596/0364 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Feb 12, 2020
From: LEEFLANG, STEPHEN A.; EVERSULL, CHRISTIAN S.
To: AUST DEVELOPMENT, LLC
Reel/Frame 051795/0293 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Feb 12, 2020
From: AUST DEVELOPMENT, LLC
To: FARAPULSE, INC.
Reel/Frame 051795/0326 →
Continuity (5)
Division 15672916 · Aug 9, 2017
Continuation PCTUS2017037609 · Jun 15, 2017
Provisional Application 62489643 · Apr 25, 2017
Provisional Application 62351159 · Jun 16, 2016
Related Publication 20200114121A1 · Apr 16, 2020
References Cited (400)
US 4200104A · Harris · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4470407A · Hussein · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4739759A · Rexroth et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 5234004A · Hascoet et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5242441A · Avitall · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5257635A · Langberg · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5281213A · Milder et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5304214A · Deford et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5306296A · Wright et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5334193A · Nardella · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5341807A · Nardella · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5342301A · Saab · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5398683A · Edwards et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443463A · Stern et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5454370A · Avitall · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5515848A · Corbett et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5531685A · Hemmer et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545161A · Imran · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5578040A · Smith · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5617854A · Munsif · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5624430A · Eton et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5667491A · Pliquett et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5672170A · Cho et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5700243A · Narciso, Jr. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5702438A · Avitall · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5706823A · Wodlinger · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5722400A · Ockuly et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5722402A · Swanson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5749914A · Janssen · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5779699A · Lipson · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5788692A · Campbell et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5810762A · Hofmann · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5833710A · Jacobson · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5836874A · Swanson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5836942A · Netherly et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5836947A · Fleischman et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843154A · Osypka · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5849028A · Chen · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5863291A · Schaer · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5868736A · Swanson et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5871523A · Fleischman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5876336A · Swanson et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5885278A · Fleischman · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5895404A · Ruiz · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5899917A · Edwards et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5904709A · Arndt et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5916158A · Webster, Jr. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5916213A · Haissaguerre et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5921924A · Avitall · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5928269A · Alt · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5928270A · Ramsey, III · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6002955A · Willems et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6006131A · Cooper et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6009351A · Flachman · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6014579A · Pomeranz et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6029671A · Stevens et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6033403A · Tu et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6035238A · Ingle et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6045550A · Simpson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6068653A · LaFontaine · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6071274A · Thompson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6071281A · Burnside et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6074389A · Levine et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6076012A · Swanson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6090104A · Webster, Jr. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6096036A · Bowe et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6113595A · Muntermann · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6119041A · Pomeranz et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6120500A · Bednarek et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6146381A · Bowe et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6164283A · Lesh · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6167291A · Barajas et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6171305B1 · Sherman · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6216034B1 · Hofmann et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6219582B1 · Hofstad et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6223085B1 · Dann et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6231518B1 · Grabek et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6245064B1 · Lesh et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6251107B1 · Schaer · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6251128B1 · Knopp et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6270476B1 · Santoianni et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6272384B1 · Simon et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287306B1 · Kroll et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6314963B1 · Vaska et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6322559B1 · Daulton et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6350263B1 · Wetzig et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6370412B1 · Armoundas et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6391024B1 · Sun et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6447505B2 · McGovern et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6464699B1 · Swanson · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6470211B1 · Ideker et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6502576B1 · Lesh · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6503247B2 · Swartz et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6517534B1 · McGovern et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6527724B1 · Fenici · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6527767B2 · Wang et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6592581B2 · Bowe · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6595991B2 · Toellner et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6607520B2 · Keane · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6623480B1 · Kuo et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6638278B2 · Falwell et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6666863B2 · Wentzel et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6669693B2 · Friedman · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6702811B2 · Stewart et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6719756B1 · Muntermann · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6723092B2 · Brown et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6728563B2 · Rashidi · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6743225B2 · Sanchez et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6743226B2 · Cosman et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6743239B1 · Kuehn et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6764486B2 · Natale · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6780181B2 · Kroll et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6805128B1 · Pless et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6807447B2 · Griffin, III · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6892091B1 · Ben-Haim et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6893438B2 · Hall et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6926714B1 · Sra · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6955173B2 · Lesh · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6960206B2 · Keane · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6960207B2 · Vanney et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6972016B2 · Hill et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6973339B2 · Govari · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6979331B2 · Hintringer et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6984232B2 · Vanney et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 6985776B2 · Kane et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7001383B2 · Keidar · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7041095B2 · Wang et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7113831B2 · Hooven · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7171263B2 · Darvish et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7182725B2 · Bonan et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7195628B2 · Falkenberg · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7207988B2 · Leckrone et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7207989B2 · Pike et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7229402B2 · Diaz et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7229437B2 · Johnson et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7250049B2 · Roop et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7282057B2 · Surti et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7285116B2 · de la Rama et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7285119B2 · Stewart et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7326208B2 · Vanney et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7346379B2 · Eng et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7367974B2 · Haemmerich et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7374567B2 · Heuser · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7387629B2 · Vanney et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7387630B2 · Mest · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7387636B2 · Cohn et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7416552B2 · Paul et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7419477B2 · Simpson et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7419489B2 · Vanney et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7422591B2 · Phan · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7429261B2 · Kunis et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7435248B2 · Taimisto et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7513896B2 · Orszulak · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7527625B2 · Knight et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7578816B2 · Boveja et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7588567B2 · Boveja et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7623899B2 · Worley et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7678108B2 · Chrisitian et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7681579B2 · Schwartz · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7771421B2 · Stewart et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7805182B2 · Weese et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7850642B2 · Moll et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7850685B2 · Kunis et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7857808B2 · Oral et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7857809B2 · Drysen · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7869865B2 · Govari et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7896873B2 · Hiller et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7917211B2 · Zacouto · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7918819B2 · Karmarkar et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7918850B2 · Govari et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7922714B2 · Stevens-Wright · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7955827B2 · Rubinsky et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8048067B2 · Davalos et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8048072B2 · Verin et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8100895B2 · Panos et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8100900B2 · Prinz et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8108069B2 · Stahler et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8133220B2 · Lee et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8137342B2 · Crossman · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8145289B2 · Calabro'et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8147486B2 · Honour et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8160690B2 · Wilfley et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8175680B2 · Panescu · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8182477B2 · Orszulak et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8206384B2 · Falwell et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8206385B2 · Stangenes et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8216221B2 · Ibrahim et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8221411B2 · Francischelli et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8226648B2 · Paul et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8228065B2 · Wirtz et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8235986B2 · Kulesa et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8235988B2 · Davis et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8251986B2 · Chornenky et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8282631B2 · Davalos et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8287532B2 · Carroll et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8414508B2 · Thapliyal et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8430875B2 · Ibrahim et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8433394B2 · Harlev et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8449535B2 · Deno et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8454594B2 · Demarais et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8463368B2 · Harlev et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8475450B2 · Govari et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8486063B2 · Werneth et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8500733B2 · Watson · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8535304B2 · Sklar et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8538501B2 · Venkatachalam et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8562588B2 · Hobbs et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8568406B2 · Harlev et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8571635B2 · McGee · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8571647B2 · Harlev et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8585695B2 · Shih · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8588885B2 · Hall et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8597288B2 · Christian · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8608735B2 · Govari et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8628522B2 · Ibrahim et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8632534B2 · Pearson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8647338B2 · Chornenky et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8708952B2 · Cohen et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8734442B2 · Cao et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8771267B2 · Kunis et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8795310B2 · Fung et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8808273B2 · Caples et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8808281B2 · Emmons et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8834461B2 · Werneth et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8834464B2 · Stewart et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8868169B2 · Narayan et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8876817B2 · Avitall et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8880195B2 · Azure · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8886309B2 · Luther et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8903488B2 · Callas et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8920411B2 · Gelbart et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8926589B2 · Govari · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8932287B2 · Gelbart et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8945117B2 · Bencini · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8979841B2 · Kunis et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8986278B2 · Fung et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9002442B2 · Harley et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9005189B2 · Davalos et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9005194B2 · Oral et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9011425B2 · Fischer et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9044245B2 · Condie et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9055959B2 · Vaska et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9072518B2 · Swanson · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9078667B2 · Besser et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9101374B1 · Hoch et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9119533B2 · Ghaffari · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9119634B2 · Gelbart et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9131897B2 · Harada et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9155590B2 · Mathur · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9162037B2 · Belson et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9179972B2 · Olson · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9186481B2 · Avitall et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9192769B2 · Donofrio et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9211405B2 · Mahapatra et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9216055B2 · Spence et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9233248B2 · Luther et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9237926B2 · Nollert et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9262252B2 · Kirkpatrick et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9277957B2 · Long et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9282910B2 · Narayan et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9289258B2 · Cohen · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9289606B2 · Paul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9295516B2 · Pearson et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9301801B2 · Scheib · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9375268B2 · Long · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9414881B2 · Callas et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9468495B2 · Kunis et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9474486B2 · Eliason et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9474574B2 · Ibrahim et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9480525B2 · Lopes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9486272B2 · Bonyak et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9486273B2 · Lopes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9492227B2 · Lopes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9492228B2 · Lopes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9517103B2 · Panescu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9526573B2 · Lopes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9532831B2 · Reinders et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9539010B2 · Gagner et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9554848B2 · Stewart et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9554851B2 · Sklar et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9700368B2 · Callas et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9724170B2 · Mickelsen · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9757193B2 · Zarins et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9782099B2 · Williams et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9795442B2 · Salahieh et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9861802B2 · Mickelsen · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9913685B2 · Clark et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9931487B2 · Quinn et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9987081B1 · Bowers et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9999465B2 · Long et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10016232B1 · Bowers et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10130423B1 · Viswanathan et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10172673B2 · Viswanathan et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10322286B2 · Viswanathan et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10433906B2 · Mickelsen · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10433908B2 · Viswanathan et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10507302B2 · Leeflang et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20010007070A1 · Stewart et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20010044624A1 · Seraj et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20020052602A1 · Wang et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020077627A1 · Johnson et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020087169A1 · Brock et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020095176A1 · Prestel · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020111618A1 · Stewart et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020156526A1 · Hlavka et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020161323A1 · Miller et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020169445A1 · Jain et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020177765A1 · Bowe et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020183638A1 · Swanson · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030014098A1 · Quijano et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030018374A1 · Paulos · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030028189A1 · Woloszko et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030050637A1 · Maguire et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030114849A1 · Ryan · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030125729A1 · Hooven et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030130598A1 · Manning et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030130711A1 · Pearson et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030204161A1 · Ferek-Petric · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030229379A1 · Maynard · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040039382A1 · Kroll et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040049181A1 · Stewart et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040049182A1 · Koblish et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040082859A1 · Schaer · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040082948A1 · Stewart et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040087939A1 · Eggers et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040111087A1 · Stern et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040199157A1 · Palanker et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040215139A1 · Cohen · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040231683A1 · Eng et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040236360A1 · Cohn et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040254607A1 · Wittenberger et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040267337A1 · Hayzelden · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050033282A1 · Hooven · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050187545A1 · Hooven et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050222632A1 · Obino · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050251130A1 · Boveja et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050261672A1 · Deem et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060009755A1 · Sra · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060015095A1 · Desinger et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060015165A1 · Bertolero et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060024359A1 · Walker et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060058781A1 · Long · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060111702A1 · Oral et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060142801A1 · Demarais et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060167448A1 · Kozel · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060217703A1 · Chornenky et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060241734A1 · Marshall et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060264752A1 · Rubinsky et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060270900A1 · Chin et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060287648A1 · Schwartz · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060293730A1 · Rubinsky et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060293731A1 · Rubinsky et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070005053A1 · Dando · 2007 [cited by examiner]
US 20070021744A1 · Creighton · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070060989A1 · Deem et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070066972A1 · Ormsby et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070129721A1 · Phan et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070129760A1 · Demarais et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070156135A1 · Rubinsky et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070167740A1 · Grunewald et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070167940A1 · Stevens-Wright · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070173878A1 · Heuser · 2007 [cited by examiner]
US 20070208329A1 · Ward et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070225589A1 · Viswanathan · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070249923A1 · Keenan · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070260223A1 · Scheibe et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070270792A1 · Hennemann et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080009855A1 · Hamou · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080033426A1 · Machell · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080065061A1 · Viswanathan · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080086120A1 · Mirza et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080091195A1 · Sliwa et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080103545A1 · Bolea et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080132885A1 · Rubinsky et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080161789A1 · Thao et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080172048A1 · Martin et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080200913A1 · Viswanathan · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080208118A1 · Goldman · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080243214A1 · Koblish · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080281322A1 · Sherman et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080300574A1 · Belson et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080300588A1 · Groth et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090024084A1 · Khosla et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090062788A1 · Long et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090076500A1 · Azure · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090105654A1 · Kurth et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090138009A1 · Viswanathan et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090149917A1 · Whitehurst et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090163905A1 · Winkler et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090228003A1 · Sinelnikov · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090240248A1 · Deford et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090275827A1 · Aiken et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090281477A1 · Mikus et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090306651A1 · Schneider · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100004661A1 · Verin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100023004A1 · Francischelli et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100137861A1 · Soroff et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100185140A1 · Kassab · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 20100185186A1 · Longoria · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100191112A1 · Demarais et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
Cited By (9)
US 12,551,656 US 12,551,658 US 12,575,877 US 12,588,851 US 12,649,048 US 12,653,607 US 12,672,828 US 12,714,327 US 12,714,485